{ "schema_version": "1.1", "purpose": "Editor-curated bibliographic and evidence-boundary index; this is not raw study data.", "derived_evidence_level_taxonomy": { "A": "randomized controlled trial or randomized experiment", "M": "meta-analysis, systematic review, or pooled analysis", "V": "psychometric scale validation", "B": "longitudinal cohort, panel, register, or digital-trace data", "Q": "quasi-experiment or Mendelian randomization", "E": "vignette, simulated, or non-randomized experiment", "C": "cross-sectional survey, qualitative, or observational modeling", "T": "narrative review, fact sheet, or framework document", "P": "working paper or preprint", "D": "unclassified" }, "source_document": "docs/seo/RESEARCH_LEDGER.md", "ledger_confirmation_date": "2026-08-24", "record_count": 216, "fields": [ "id", "title", "year", "authors_year", "source_urls", "doi", "pmid", "study_type", "sample", "outcomes", "key_result", "causal_inference", "limitations", "used_url", "evidence_level", "derived_evidence_level", "correction_retraction_check", "source_checked_date" ], "records": [ { "id": "AGE-001", "title": "No gender differences in attraction to young partners: A study of 4,500 blind dates", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Eastwick, Finkel, Meza, Ammerman / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2416984122", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11804577/" ], "doi": "10.1073/pnas.2416984122", "pmid": null, "study_type": "preregistered observational analysis of blind dates", "sample": "6,262 daters, 4,542 dates, 9,084 dyadic reports; 22–85歳、majority middle-aged; matchmaking service users", "outcomes": "partner age, romantic attraction, overall rating, second-date decision, stated upper-age limit", "key_result": "younger partners were slightly more appealing on average; gender difference in age slope was not meaningful; stated upper limits did not act as clear thresholds or weights", "causal_inference": "no; no random assignment of partner age and no long-term outcome", "limitations": "service-selected sample; not Japan; initial attraction rather than relationship formation; company data provider relationship noted in paper", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / PubMed / PMC search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice; recheck before future refresh", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "AGE-002", "title": "Age Limits: Men’s and Women’s Youngest and Oldest Considered and Actual Sex Partners", "year": 2017, "authors_year": "Jan Antfolk / 2017", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/1474704917690401", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28127998/" ], "doi": "10.1177/1474704917690401", "pmid": "28127998", "study_type": "population-based survey", "sample": "2,655 adults aged 18–50", "outcomes": "youngest/oldest considered sexual partner and youngest/oldest actual partner in prior 5 years", "key_result": "women tended to prefer slightly older sexual partners; men’s considered age range widened with age while interest in younger women remained; younger preference was not simply converted into behavior", "causal_inference": "no; observational self-report and behavior data", "limitations": "sexual interest/behavior, not romantic attraction or long-term partnership; age range limited to 18–50; orientation grouping caveats", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / PubMed / publisher search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "AGE-003", "title": "The gendered dynamics of age preferences – Empirical evidence from online dating", "year": 2011, "authors_year": "Skopek, Schmitz, Blossfeld / 2011", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-196", "https://ubp.uni-bamberg.de/jfr/index.php/jfr/article/download/196/198/323" ], "doi": "10.20377/jfr-196", "pmid": null, "study_type": "online dating behavior + stated-preference comparison", "sample": "online dating behavior data plus online panel questionnaire; German context", "outcomes": "age preference, partner selection behavior, attractiveness, education, parenthood", "key_result": "age preferences changed with own age differently for men and women; age preference was confounded with other desirable traits and market-relevant characteristics", "causal_inference": "no; observational platform data", "limitations": "platform stage is before face-to-face attraction; context and cohort may not generalize to Japan or current apps", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / repository search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "AGE-004", "title": "Dating Assortativity in Japan: Evidence from a Retrospective Survey", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Chiba, Haganuma & Nakata / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://www.crepe.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/results/2026/CREPEDP185.pdf" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "retrospective survey of dating-relationship formation with grouped assortativity measures", "sample": "ten online surveys conducted 2023-09-13 to 2023-09-14, one survey for each year of interest 2014–2023; 1,000 responses per survey, total N=10,000; respondents aged 25–45 at survey and unmarried with a partner in the selected year; gender and age distributions matched to the Population Census", "outcomes": "same-group partner share for age groups 20–24, 25–29 and 30–34; income bands ¥0–4m, ¥4–8m and ¥8m+; employment groups regular, non-regular and not employed/students", "key_result": "age assortativity increased over time for age groups 25–29 and 30–34 with statistical significance; income assortativity was stable; employment-type assortativity showed an increase among regular employees; pandemic-year deviations were not statistically significant in the paper's specifications", "causal_inference": "no; descriptive retrospective trends do not establish that age or another attribute caused attraction, partner choice or relationship formation", "limitations": "recall bias over histories extending up to ten years, cohort-specific sample restricted to people aged 25–45 in 2023, grouped measures and survey sample selection; covers dating contexts including online/SNS but is not app-log data, a first-attraction study, a Japanese population-wide rate or a personal value estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "CREPE official 2026 results listing and PDF cover checked 2026-09-18; PDF remains CREPE Discussion Paper No.185 dated 2026-01-27; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked public surfaces, and future versions or peer-review changes are not certified", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-18" }, { "id": "AGE-005", "title": "The relationship between age-gap relationships/dating, sexual function, relationship satisfaction, sexual self-efficacy and well-being", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Banbury, Pacan, Kostadinova, Hada, Morriss-Roberts, Quarcoo & Chandler / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2025.2506088", "https://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/10419/" ], "doi": "10.1080/14681994.2025.2506088", "pmid": null, "study_type": "online cross-sectional survey with validated questionnaires and regression/non-parametric group comparisons", "sample": "126 volunteers aged 18–50 and above in an age-gap relationship or dating (gap defined as roughly 7–10 years); snowball recruitment via TikTok, Reddit and LinkedIn; diverse in gender, sexual identity and ethnicity but heterosexual participants overrepresented; LGBTQIA+ representation noted by the authors as insufficient", "outcomes": "sexual function (gender-tailored scales), relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, sexual self-efficacy, well-being; perceived economic gain; relationship length", "key_result": "men's positive view of the age gap was predicted by relationship satisfaction; women's by relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction and absence of sexual pain; older men dating younger women reported more preoccupation with sexual functioning and higher ejaculatory-difficulty scores than younger men dating older women; older women dating younger men reported higher sexual satisfaction, arousal, lubrication and orgasm than younger women dating older men; perceived economic gain predominated among younger women dating older men and younger men dating older men", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report associations cannot establish that age gaps caused satisfaction, function or well-being differences", "limitations": "cross-sectional design, snowball/self-selected sample, heterosexual overrepresentation and authors' noted weak LGBTQIA+ voice, self-report measures, no longitudinal follow-up; findings describe formed couples' reported outcomes and are not initial-attraction effects, app-log data, a Japanese population rate or a personal value estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "London Met repository record (accepted manuscript, CC BY-NC) and DOI page checked 2026-08-22; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-22" }, { "id": "AGE-006", "title": "A growing share of U.S. husbands and wives are roughly the same age", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Fry / Pew Research Center / 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/08/15/a-growing-share-of-us-husbands-and-wives-are-roughly-the-same-age/" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "descriptive analysis of US Census Bureau decennial census and American Community Survey microdata (IPUMS)", "sample": "about 680,000 opposite-sex cohabiting marriages in the 2022 ACS (3M+ address household survey); historical series back to 1880", "outcomes": "spousal age gap; share of same-age marriages; husband-older vs wife-older patterns; education/marriage-order/race subgroup patterns", "key_result": "average gap narrowed to 2.2 years in 2022 from 2.4 in 2000 and 4.9 in 1880; 51% of marriages within two years (up from 46% in 2000); 40% husband 3+ years older (down from 43%); 10% wife 3+ years older; first-marriage husbands more often same-age than remarried (56% vs 32%)", "causal_inference": "no; descriptive population statistics describe formed marriages, not mate preferences, not causation, and not dating-market dynamics", "limitations": "US opposite-sex cohabiting marriages only — same-sex couples and non-cohabiting partners excluded; whole-year age reporting; marriage data do not measure dating-app behavior or perceived 'market value'; subgroup shares are descriptive contrasts within the married population", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Pew Research Center page fetched live 2026-08-23 with full methodology section; underlying Census/ACS provenance stated on-page; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "AGE-007", "title": "Do Physical Attractiveness and Personality Traits Predict Romantic Partner Evaluations? A Speed-Dating Study in Japan", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Kito, Souma, Nishimura, Yamada, Kanemasa, Taniguchi & Kawamoto / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12489", "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jpr.12489" ], "doi": "10.1111/jpr.12489", "pmid": null, "study_type": "naturalistic speed-dating events with pre-event attribute questionnaires and post-date evaluations analyzed with social relations models", "sample": "27 men and 28 women in Japan (Hiroshima site); each session seated 12–15 participants; 3-minute conversations; attraction and dating-intention ratings after each interaction", "outcomes": "physical attractiveness (photo-rated); education and income as earning prospects; attachment security; personality traits (Big Five); reciprocal attraction", "key_result": "men evaluated physically attractive and more-educated women as more attractive; personality traits showed no significant effect on attraction within 3-minute interactions; reciprocity of attraction examined; gender difference in attractiveness preference was not the focus of a significant finding", "causal_inference": "no; small-sample observational field study of initial impressions — attributes measured before, outcomes after brief interactions, no causal identification", "limitations": "authors flag small sample (non-significant results uninterpretable), photo-based attractiveness may differ from face-to-face, 3-minute interactions cannot reveal personality; Japanese sample addresses WEIRD bias but single-site recruitment limits generalization", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "Wiley full text (free access) checked 2026-08-23 (abstract, method, results, limitations); peer-reviewed Japanese Psychological Research 68(2):199-211; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "AGE-008", "title": "Relationship between Height Preferences and Endorsement of Gender Norms", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Dial & Brown / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-025-09504-x", "https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/10023/33049/Dial_2025_HN_Relationship-between-height_CC.pdf?sequence=1" ], "doi": "10.1007/s12110-025-09504-x", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional questionnaire study correlating height preferences with three gender-norm instruments (ASI, LFAIS, TMFS); open-ended motivation questions", "sample": "242 UK-based heterosexual adults aged 18-39 via Prolific (122 women, 120 men)", "outcomes": "own height; ideal partner height; minimum/maximum acceptable heights; importance of partner height; gender-norm endorsement scores", "key_result": "male-taller norm replicated with women's tall-partner preference stronger than men's short-partner preference and women rating height as more important; ideal height ratio did not correlate with any gender-role measure in either sex; in men only, feminist attitudes correlated positively with own height and ideal partner height (r≈0.22); qualitative responses cited social-media norms as reasons height matters", "causal_inference": "no; correlational self-reports from one WEIRD online sample — no causal direction between norms and preferences, no behavioural outcomes", "limitations": "stated preferences not behaviour; narrow age band 18-39; UK heterosexual sample; Springer change history records a corrected publication dated 2025-10-09 for Table 2 formatting, not a findings correction", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Springer change history and St Andrews open-access full text checked 2026-09-18 (the 2025-10-09 update corrected Table 2 formatting); no findings-level correction or retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-18" }, { "id": "AGE-009", "title": "Homogamy in socio-economic background and education, and the dissolution of cohabiting unions", "year": 2014, "authors_year": "Mäenpää & Jalovaara / 2014", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2014.30.65", "https://www.demographic-research.org/volumes/vol30/65/30-65.pdf" ], "doi": "10.4054/DemRes.2014.30.65", "pmid": null, "study_type": "register-based Cox regression of cohabitation dissolution by age homogamy category, education and parental background", "sample": "20,452 Finnish cohabiting unions (register data, month-level records)", "outcomes": "separation hazard by age-gap category (7 levels from female 8+ years older to male 12+ years older); education and background homogamy", "key_result": "greater age difference = higher separation hazard, steeper when the woman is older (female 8+ years older: HR 3.54; male 12+ years older: HR 2.22, both vs male 0-<4 reference); consistent with prior Nordic findings; education homogamy mattered more than parental background", "causal_inference": "no — register associations with selection into cohabitation unaddressed; hazard ratios describe relative risks within this population and period, not individual predictions", "limitations": "Finnish register context; cohabiting (not married) unions; observational", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "Demographic Research open-access PDF checked 2026-08-23 (N=20,452, HR table consistent); peer-reviewed journal; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "AGE-010", "title": "What's the Plan? Cohabitation, Engagement, and Divorce", "year": 2023, "authors_year": "Stanley & Rhoades / 2023", "source_urls": [ "https://ifstudies.org/ifs-admin/resources/reports/cohabitationreportapr2023-final.pdf" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "national survey of first marriages (2010-2019) with logistic regression on marital dissolution by cohabitation timing; weighted YouGov sample", "sample": "N=1,621 US respondents aged <=50, first-married 2010-2019, neither widowed nor previously married", "outcomes": "marital dissolution as of 2022; cohabitation timing (never / after engagement / before engagement); reasons for moving in; sliding vs deciding", "key_result": "pre-engagement cohabiters: 34% of marriages ended vs 23% among post-engagement/marriage-only cohabiters (48% higher relative likelihood, adjusted); no significant difference between never-cohabiting and post-engagement groups; sliding into cohabitation associated with more dissolution than deciding together (gap halved with covariates); 'test the relationship' or financial motives associated with more dissolution than time-together motive", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — self-selected cohabitation timing; selection effects likely dominate per inertia hypothesis framing; retrospective self-report", "limitations": "US only; survey sample optimized for group comparison not divorce-rate estimation", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "IFS report PDF checked 2026-08-24 (N=1,621, three-group design, findings consistent); published research report with methods appendix", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "AGE-011", "title": "“Daddies,” “Cougars,” and Their Partners Past Midlife: Gender Attitudes and Relationship and Sexual Well-Being among Older Adults in Age-Heterogenous Partnerships", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Silva / 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://midus.wisc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/1989.pdf" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "comparison of age-heterogeneous vs age-homogeneous partnerships at older ages across two national samples with latent class analysis", "sample": "MIDUS 2013 (approx. mean age 63) and NSHAP 2015-16; older adults in age-heterogenous vs homogenous partnerships", "outcomes": "life satisfaction; relationship well-being; sexual well-being; gender attitudes; latent classes of satisfaction profiles", "key_result": "on most measures of life satisfaction and relationship well-being, individuals in age-heterogenous partnerships did NOT differ from age-homogenous counterparts; differences concentrated in sexual well-being — women partnered to older men had less frequent sex and more sexual-satisfaction problems; latent class analyses showed these driven by a MINORITY (~40% or less of the subset), not a uniform effect", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — cross-sectional comparisons; self-selected partnership types", "limitations": "US only; older-adult samples; small subgroups", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "MIDUS working-paper PDF checked 2026-08-24 (two samples, findings consistent); peer-reviewed publication of record to be confirmed at cite time", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "AGE-012", "title": "How I Met My Partner: Online Dating and the Homogamy Gap Between Same-Sex and Different-Sex Couples", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Park / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.70072" ], "doi": "10.1111/jomf.70072", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional survey analysis (2017 HCMST) with regression, structural equation modeling for mediation, and interaction models", "sample": "US coupled adults from the 2017 How Couples Meet and Stay Together survey; same-sex and different-sex couples", "outcomes": "racial, educational and age homogamy by partnership type; meeting partner online as mediator/moderator", "key_result": "same-sex couples were more likely to have met online and less homogamous in race, education and age than different-sex couples; meeting online was associated with smaller age gaps for BOTH partnership types and suppressed the observed age-homogamy gap between them; online dating expands diverse partner pools while also enabling selective filtering", "causal_inference": "no — cross-sectional associations; mediation is statistical, not causal; meeting context self-selected", "limitations": "single-country US survey; HCMST 2017 predates recent app market shifts; partnership-type comparisons confounded with community size", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record with full abstract checked 2026-08-24 (objective/method/results consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Marriage and Family", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "AGE-013", "title": "Your Face is Your Fortune: Does Adolescent Attractiveness Predict Intimate Relationships Later in Life?", "year": 2017, "authors_year": "Karraker, Sicinski & Moynihan / 2017", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbv112", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26655646/", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5156488/" ], "doi": "10.1093/geronb/gbv112", "pmid": "26655646", "study_type": "multivariate regression using the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study with more than 50 years of follow-up", "sample": "one-third random sample of Wisconsin high-school graduates from 1957; attractiveness rated from senior-yearbook photos by 12 judges; later-life outcomes measured around age 64, with supplementary follow-up context", "outcomes": "adolescent facial attractiveness; sexual activity; access to potential sexual partners; married versus unmarried context", "key_result": "higher adolescent attractiveness was associated with later access to potential sexual partners, and the association with sexual activity was largely accounted for by access; attractiveness was not associated with sexual activity among married couples after controls", "causal_inference": "no; longitudinal observation does not identify a causal effect and does not measure current attractiveness as a predictor of future relationship success", "limitations": "historical Wisconsin cohort and photo ratings; later-life attractiveness was not measured well; broad sexual-activity outcome; cohort, selection, marriage, health and socioeconomic pathways limit generalization; not Japan, current dating apps or a personal value score", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/age-attraction-blind-dates/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed, PMC and Oxford DOI surfaces checked 2026-09-08 from a fresh SERP; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "APP-001", "title": "Burnt out and still single: Susceptibility to dating app burnout over time", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Sharabi, Von Feldt, Ha / 2026 issue, first online 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241286788" ], "doi": "10.1177/14614448241286788", "pmid": null, "study_type": "four-wave longitudinal study", "sample": "493 active single users at baseline, final sample 190, four waves over 12 weeks", "outcomes": "emotional exhaustion, inefficacy, depersonalization, depression, anxiety, loneliness, problematic use", "key_result": "emotional exhaustion and inefficacy increased over time; baseline depression, anxiety and loneliness predicted more exhaustion/inefficacy; problematic use predicted more exhaustion and less inefficacy", "causal_inference": "temporal ordering is stronger than cross-section but not definitive causality", "limitations": "attrition from 493 to 190; non-Japan sample; article access restricted; burnout dimensions are not a diagnosis", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE publisher page and article-version surface rechecked 2026-09-18; current page lists New Media & Society 28(1), pp.169–190, issue published January 2026 and the most recent version; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked publisher surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-18" }, { "id": "APP-002", "title": "Dating app use, psychological health, and psychological well-being: A systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Sharabi, Ou, Von Feldt, Parsons / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2025.108879", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563225003267" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.chb.2025.108879", "pmid": null, "study_type": "preregistered systematic review and meta-analysis", "sample": "23 studies, 26,068 participants, studies published 2007–2024", "outcomes": "depression, anxiety, affective dysregulation, loneliness, psychological distress, well-being", "key_result": "dating app users reported worse psychological health/well-being than non-users; cross-sectional limitations prevent causal interpretation", "causal_inference": "mostly no; synthesis includes heterogeneous observational studies", "limitations": "primarily Western, single, heterosexual samples; platform and cultural heterogeneity", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher page checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "APP-003", "title": "Coping with mobile-online-dating fatigue and the negative self-fulfilling prophecy of digital dating", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Degen, Kleeberg-Niepage / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-024-01042-0", "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43545-024-01042-0" ], "doi": "10.1007/s43545-024-01042-0", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative semi-structured interview study", "sample": "27 heterosexual German-speaking participants in northern Germany; ages 22–42; interviews collected in 2022", "outcomes": "mobile-online-dating fatigue, reciprocal hurt, stereotyping, devaluation, repetitive practices, coping strategies", "key_result": "fatigue was described as a social phenomenon involving interactional dynamics and meaning-making; participants described quitting, adapting use, and seeking other digital channels", "causal_inference": "no; exploratory qualitative interviews do not estimate prevalence, causal effects, or comparative app efficacy", "limitations": "small purposive/snowball sample; heterosexual German-speaking setting; collected in 2022; findings are not Japan-wide or a clinical diagnosis", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher page checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "APP-004", "title": "Age differences in dating app motivations: Implications for well-being in older adulthood", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Liang & Bailey / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000985", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41989431/" ], "doi": "10.1037/pag0000985", "pmid": "41989431", "study_type": "cross-sectional survey of dating app users", "sample": "301 users aged 18–86; mean age 52.4 (SD 16.5); users self-reported current dating-app use", "outcomes": "five motivations: social approval, relationship seeking, sexual experience, socializing and entertainment; life satisfaction, loneliness, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms", "key_result": "older age was associated with lower sexual-experience, relationship-seeking and social-approval motivations, higher socializing motivation and no age difference in entertainment; social-approval motivation was associated with greater loneliness among older adults but not young adults", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional associations cannot establish whether loneliness changes motivation or motivation changes loneliness, and do not estimate app success or causal well-being effects", "limitations": "self-report dating-app-user sample, non-Japanese context, age differences within a cross-sectional sample, and study-specific motivation/well-being measures; not a population-wide older-adult or app-use estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed and DOI metadata surfaces checked 2026-08-14; no correction/retraction notice surfaced in the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-14" }, { "id": "APP-005", "title": "Swipe, Chat, Unmatch: The Psychological Consequences of Being Rejected on Dating Apps", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Lutz & Büttner / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2026.2633228", "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15213269.2026.2633228", "https://osf.io/327us" ], "doi": "10.1080/15213269.2026.2633228", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two preregistered 2×2 between-subjects experiments", "sample": "simulated dating environment; Study 1 N=252, mean age 25.19, 49% female; Study 2 N=259, mean age 25.78, 45% female; participants selected a profile and saw small-talk or date-planning chat followed by a maintained or dissolved match", "outcomes": "threatened belonging, self-esteem, meaningful existence and control; negative affect; rumination; prosocial, antisocial and withdrawal coping preferences", "key_result": "dissolved-match notifications increased fundamental-need threat and negative affect; the abstract reports rumination and less prosocial/more withdrawal coping preferences, while the full result surface indicates rumination did not significantly replicate in Study 2", "causal_inference": "yes for the assigned simulated unmatching condition and defined immediate self-report outcomes; no for real-app rejection frequency, clinical distress, long-term burnout or relationship formation", "limitations": "simulated profiles and scripted chat videos; self-report and short experimental exposure; study-specific dating-app-user samples; no actual app history, clinical diagnosis, long-term outcome or universal app effect", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted Taylor & Francis, DOI, OSF and exact-title search on 2026-08-13 surfaced no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "SMV-001", "title": "The Mate Value Scale", "year": 2014, "authors_year": "Edlund, Sagarin / 2014", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.02.005" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.paid.2014.02.005", "pmid": null, "study_type": "psychometric scale validation across three studies", "sample": "multiple validation studies; four-item scale applicable to self, partner, or another target", "outcomes": "mate value, internal consistency, factor structure, convergent/discriminant validity, test-retest reliability", "key_result": "proposed a short measure with reported reliability and validity evidence; the scale is a measurement instrument, not a universal human score", "causal_inference": "no; psychometric validation does not establish causal effects or objective value", "limitations": "target and context matter; scale validity does not make mate value morally normative or universally comparable", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SMV-002", "title": "Individual Differences in How Desirable People Think They Are as a Mate", "year": 2023, "authors_year": "Csajbók et al. / 2023", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02601-x", "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-023-02601-x" ], "doi": "10.1007/s10508-023-02601-x", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-cultural survey and measurement review", "sample": "41 nations, N=3,895; 63% women, 47% single; mainly heterosexual", "outcomes": "self-perceived short-term and long-term mate desirability, age, relationship status, mating success", "key_result": "short- and long-term desirability differed; people in relationships felt more desirable; authors described operationalization as limited and heterogeneous", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report and correlations", "limitations": "age distribution underrepresented people over 30; cultural and language variation; self-perception is not other-perceived desirability", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SMV-003", "title": "Mate Value and Self-Esteem: Evidence from Eight Cultural Groups", "year": 2012, "authors_year": "Goodwin, Marshall, Fülöp, Adonu, Spiewak, Neto, Hernandez Plaza / 2012", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036106", "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0036106" ], "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0036106", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-cultural self-report study", "sample": "1,066 students from 8 cultural groups in 7 countries; 24 self-perceived mate-value items", "outcomes": "caring, social attractiveness, passionate romantic, adventurous, mature/confident factors; self-esteem", "key_result": "self-perceived mate qualities and their links with self-esteem varied with culture and social context", "causal_inference": "no; observational student sample and self-report", "limitations": "cultural grouping assumptions; not Japan-wide or a universal attractiveness score", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SMV-004", "title": "Sexual Economics: Sex as Female Resource for Social Exchange in Heterosexual Interactions", "year": 2004, "authors_year": "Baumeister, Vohs / 2004", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0804_2" ], "doi": "10.1207/s15327957pspr0804_2", "pmid": null, "study_type": "theoretical review", "sample": "no single empirical sample; theory and literature synthesis", "outcomes": "market metaphor, supply/demand, heterosexual sexual exchange", "key_result": "proposed a market-based theoretical framework for sexual interactions", "causal_inference": "theory; claims are not established for every relationship or population by the article alone", "limitations": "heterosexual and gender-asymmetric assumptions; later criticism and competing evidence must be read alongside it", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "T", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SMV-005", "title": "Myths of Sexual Economics Theory: Implications for Gender Equality", "year": 2017, "authors_year": "Rudman / 2017", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684317714707" ], "doi": "10.1177/0361684317714707", "pmid": null, "study_type": "critical theory review", "sample": "synthesis of the sexual economics claims and counterevidence", "outcomes": "theory premises, gender equality implications, contradictory evidence", "key_result": "summarized the theory's central claims and a growing body of research that challenges them", "causal_inference": "no new causal estimate; critical synthesis", "limitations": "scope is the theory debate, not a universal replacement score for mate value", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "T", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SMV-006", "title": "Digesting the Red Pill: Masculinity and Neoliberalism in the Manosphere", "year": 2021, "authors_year": "Van Valkenburgh / 2021", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X18816118" ], "doi": "10.1177/1097184X18816118", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative content analysis", "sample": "26 community-designated central documents, about 130,000 words", "outcomes": "Red Pill discourse, evolutionary/economic vocabulary, masculinity, commodification", "key_result": "analyzed how scientific and neoliberal discourses were integrated into seduction strategies and how women were constructed as exchangeable commodities", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative discourse analysis does not validate the doctrine's empirical claims", "limitations": "purposive document sample; analysis of one online community's discourse, not a population estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SMV-007", "title": "Observed Aspects of Mate Value and Sociosexuality Account for Mate Preferences: Data from a Large, Representative Study from Czechia", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Csajbók et al. / 2024 online, 2025 volume", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-024-03010-4", "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-024-03010-4" ], "doi": "10.1007/s10508-024-03010-4", "pmid": null, "study_type": "nationally representative online survey", "sample": "Czechia, ages 18–50, N=2,280", "outcomes": "desirable and undesirable partner characteristics, self-perceived mate value, age, education, sociosexuality", "key_result": "self-perceived mate value alone explained little variance in preferences; all mate-value and mating-strategy indicators together explained limited variance", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional survey and explained variance do not establish causal effects or a universal score", "limitations": "one-country sample; online survey; operational measures and cultural context; not a Japanese population estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher page checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SMV-008", "title": "Ethics trumps resources in women’s and men’s evaluations of potential mates and competitors", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Karthikeyan, Aung & Fisher / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06611-8", "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-06611-8" ], "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-06611-8", "pmid": null, "study_type": "three vignette experiments manipulating ethical reputation vs economic resources alongside standardized male face photos; mixed-effects models", "sample": "U.S. heterosexual adults: Study 1 N=193 men + 178 women (Centiment panel); Study 3 N=61 women + 65 men; all faces presented as smart, nurturant, healthy", "outcomes": "long/short-term mating attractiveness; prestige; intelligence; kindness; physical dominance ratings by ethics-by-resources combinations", "key_result": "ethical reputation raised long-term mating attractiveness, prestige, intelligence and kindness ratings while short-term attractiveness and dominance were unaffected; parental ethics produced the same pattern (Study 2); adolescent ethics largely similar (Study 3); ethics trumped resources across all three studies", "causal_inference": "no; vignette experiments measure third-party reputation effects on ratings in the U.S., not real mate choice, not non-U.S. populations, and not the market value of any trait", "limitations": "vignette method with socially-desirable-response risk acknowledged by authors; male targets only; U.S. panel sample; results concern reputation manipulation, not trait acquisition", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "Nature full text checked 2026-08-23 (abstract, method, all three studies, discussion); peer-reviewed Scientific Reports article; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "SMV-009", "title": "Partner preferences for resources adapt to income and gender economic inequality", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Murphy, Harmon-Jones, Brown et al. / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2527295123", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41838902/" ], "doi": "10.1073/pnas.2527295123", "pmid": "41838902", "study_type": "preregistered randomized experiment: participants assigned to one of 45 virtual ecologies varying personal income and local gender economic inequality; stated partner preferences measured three ways", "sample": "602 adults from five countries", "outcomes": "rated and ranked preferences for resource-relevant traits; importance of financially marrying up (hypergamy); age and physical-attractiveness preferences as comparators", "key_result": "poorer participants showed stronger resource-relevant mate preferences; the sex that was poorer in its virtual ecology showed stronger preferences too; where women held more resources, standard sex differences shrank or disappeared entirely (hypergamy); age preferences were unaffected; attractiveness preferences largely unaffected (discriminant validity)", "causal_inference": "yes for manipulation effects on stated preferences within the experiment — virtual-ecology assignments causally shifted stated ideals; no for real-world markets, long-run behavior, or actual partner choice", "limitations": "stated preferences under a brief simulated ecology; five-country but online WEIRD-leaning sample; hypergamy effects strongest, trait-level effects narrower", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "PNAS full text via PubMed record and pnas.org abstract checked 2026-08-23 (N=602, five countries, 45 ecologies, headline findings consistent); peer-reviewed PNAS with preregistration; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "SMV-010", "title": "Life satisfaction, loneliness, and depressivity in consistently single young adults in Germany and the United Kingdom", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Krämer, Stern, Buchinger, MacDonald & Bleidorn / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000595", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41525385/" ], "doi": "10.1037/pspp0000595", "pmid": "41525385", "study_type": "three-panel longitudinal study; survival analysis of who stays single plus within-person age-trajectory comparisons of well-being", "sample": "17,390 initially never-partnered respondents from UK and German panels providing 110,261 yearly observations ages 16-29", "outcomes": "duration in singlehood; life satisfaction; loneliness; depressivity trajectories; effects of first romantic relationship", "key_result": "lower well-being, male gender, higher education, living alone or with parents predicted staying single longer; at age 16 the two groups were nearly identical, while consistent singles later showed stronger life-satisfaction declines and loneliness increases, with depressivity also diverging around age 23; first romantic relationships were associated with life-satisfaction increases and loneliness decreases but no depressivity change; moderation by gender was absent or inconsistent", "causal_inference": "no causal claims for singlehood itself — longitudinal trajectories support selection and time-course descriptions, but singlehood and relationship entry are not randomly assigned; the authors frame results as moderate average risks, not deterministic outcomes", "limitations": "observational panels; average patterns hide heterogeneity; Germany/UK context; emerging-adulthood window only; never-partnered definition excludes prior relationships", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "Official PubMed record and DOI checked 2026-09-18 (N=17,390, 110,261 observations, findings consistent; same study as retired SMV-013 duplicate); peer-reviewed JPSP advance online publication; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-18" }, { "id": "SMV-011", "title": "A Worldwide Test of the Predictive Validity of Ideal Partner Preference-Matching", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Eastwick, Sparks, Finkel, Meza, Adamkovic, Adu et al. (Psychological Science Accelerator) / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://pauleastwick.com/s/Eastwick2025JPSP.pdf", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12622239/" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "preregistered registered report across 43 countries and 22 languages; four analytic approaches of increasing rigor applied to ideal partner preference-matching", "sample": "N=10,358 total; partnered subsample 4,152; single subsample 5,544", "outcomes": "ideal-trait correlations; raw and corrected pattern metrics; level-metric interaction tests", "key_result": "most rigorous tests found significant but modest matching effects: corrected pattern metric β=.19 zero-order, β=.11 alongside normative metric; level-metric interactions very small (average β≈.04); weaker analytic approaches yield larger apparent effects — a methodological gradient in the literature itself; gender comparisons: stated preferences underestimated revealed preferences for attractiveness in both sexes; earning potential showed opposite biases by sex", "causal_inference": "yes for effect-size estimates within this design; no for individual matchmaking utility — authors note small/near-zero effects require alternative theories of compatibility beyond attribute matching", "limitations": "stated vs revealed preference gaps; cross-sectional evaluations; WEIRD-leaning online samples via PsyNet accelerator", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "author's open-access PDF checked 2026-08-24 (N=10,358, 43 countries/22 languages, four-metric results consistent with PMC manuscript); peer-reviewed JPSP registered report", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SMV-012", "title": "Rejection sensitivity and romantic relationships: A systematic review and meta-analysis", "year": 2023, "authors_year": "Schyns, Braun & Xia / 2023", "source_urls": [ "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886923001095", "https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2023-67044-001" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.paid.2023.112107", "pmid": null, "study_type": "systematic review and meta-analysis of rejection sensitivity's associations with romantic relationship outcomes across three model facets (anxious expectations, ready perceptions, intense reactions)", "sample": "60 studies; 147 effect sizes; 16,955 participants", "outcomes": "relationship satisfaction; commitment; jealousy; conflict behavior; partner perceptions", "key_result": "higher rejection sensitivity associated with worse relationship outcomes overall — lower satisfaction and commitment, more jealousy and conflict; effects operate through the three-facet model where anxious expectations lead to perceiving rejection in ambiguous behavior; associations moderate in size and consistent across study designs", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — mostly correlational studies; direction between sensitivity and relationship quality can be bidirectional", "limitations": "self-report measures dominate; samples skew young and Western", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "ScienceDirect/APA records checked 2026-08-24 (60 studies, 147 effect sizes, N=16,955 consistent); peer-reviewed Personality and Individual Differences meta-analysis", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SMV-014", "title": "Longing for Another: Extradyadic Infatuation and Its Associations with Features of the Primary Relationship and Infidelity", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Huțanu, Lișman & Holman / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909261416561" ], "doi": "10.1177/18344909261416561", "pmid": null, "study_type": "three-study psychometric development and validation of the Extradyadic Infatuation Scale (EIS) with cross-sectional associations", "sample": "N=546 across three studies (Romanian adults in committed relationships; 85-84% women in the main samples; social-media recruited)", "outcomes": "extradyadic infatuation (thoughts/feelings/desires about a third party); emotional intimacy; authenticity; respect; jealousy; past infidelity behavior", "key_result": "higher EIS scores associated with lower emotional intimacy and authenticity in the primary relationship, less respect for partner, more jealousy, and higher occurrence of actual past infidelity behavior; authors frame these dynamics as pathways by which infatuation may raise future-infidelity likelihood; scale shows good internal consistency and temporal stability", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — cross-sectional validation samples; direction of association unknown (distress may drive infatuation or vice versa); attraction screened-in sample", "limitations": "Romanian single-country samples; heavily female; self-selection into an attraction-eligibility survey", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE journal page + OSF preprint checked 2026-08-24 (N=546, three studies, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 20", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SMV-015", "title": "Breakup Distress Trajectories Across Emerging Adulthood and the Quality of Romantic Relationships: A Mixed-Method Study", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Shulman, Yonatan–Leus, Strauss & Gabay / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968251403227" ], "doi": "10.1177/21676968251403227", "pmid": null, "study_type": "longitudinal trajectory analysis of breakup distress across ages 20-28 combined with qualitative interviews at 28", "sample": "N=124 Israeli emerging adults assessed at ages 20, 23, 25, 28", "outcomes": "breakup-distress trajectories; romantic competence (interview-coded at 28); relationship quality", "key_result": "two trajectories emerged: stable-low distress (two-thirds) and stable-high distress (one-third); high-distress affiliates described difficult relationships in which they were willing to be controlled by partners; low-distress affiliates described skills to manage relationships competently; authors call for awareness of toxic-relationship conditions and adaptive-relationship education", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — small single-country sample; distress may reflect relationship quality rather than recovery skill; interview interpretation qualitative", "limitations": "Israeli sample only; N=124 modest; attrition across 8 years", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE journal page checked 2026-08-24 (N=124, two trajectories, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Emerging Adulthood", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SMV-016", "title": "Who Is “Doing It”? Casual Sex and WellBeing in Singlehood", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Amarakoon, Latimer, MacDonald & Dawson / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.70045" ], "doi": "10.1111/pere.70045", "pmid": null, "study_type": "discovery (N=747) and replication/extension (N=483) cross-sectional surveys of singles; group comparisons on attachment, singlehood satisfaction, wellbeing", "sample": "single adults aged 20-59 (Prolific); Study 1: 747 (113 in CSRs); Study 2: 483 (26.1% sexually active)", "outcomes": "CSR participation; attachment anxiety/avoidance; sexual satisfaction; perceived mate value; life satisfaction; depressive symptoms; fear of being single", "key_result": "consistent across both studies: singles in CSRs reported LOWER attachment avoidance (not higher), higher sexual satisfaction, higher perceived mate value; Study 2 only: greater relationship-status satisfaction, higher life satisfaction, lower depressive symptoms — not replicated in Study 1; desire for a partner did NOT differ in either study; CSRs were mostly with familiar partners, low emotional closeness, exclusivity assumed rather than discussed", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — cross-sectional; direction unknown (wellbeing may precede CSR participation)", "limitations": "Prolific online panel; self-report; US/Canada-skewed English sample", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Wiley journal page + PsyPost checked 2026-08-24 (Ns, discovery-replication pattern consistent); peer-reviewed Personal Relationships", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SMV-017", "title": "Machine learning uncovers the most robust self-report predictors of relationship quality across 43 longitudinal couples studies", "year": 2020, "authors_year": "Joel, Eastwick et al. / 2020", "source_urls": [ "https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.1917036117" ], "doi": "10.1073/pnas.1917036117", "pmid": null, "study_type": "pooled machine-learning (random forests) reanalysis of 43 dyadic longitudinal datasets from 29 labs", "sample": "N=11,196 couples", "outcomes": "relationship quality prediction; actor vs partner vs individual-difference variables; change over time predictability", "key_result": "own relationship-specific judgments (perceived partner commitment, appreciation, sexual satisfaction, perceived partner satisfaction, conflict) predicted ~45% of variance at baseline and ~18% at study end; partner reports and individual differences added NOTHING beyond actor-reported relationship-specific variables; relationship-quality CHANGE over time was largely unpredictable from any combination of self-report variables", "causal_inference": "prediction is not causation; self-report only; pooled observational data", "limitations": "mostly WEIRD samples; variable sets differ across studies", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "PNAS page checked 2026-08-24 (N=11,196, 43 datasets, findings consistent); peer-reviewed PNAS", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SMV-018", "title": "What Exactly Is an Unusual Sexual Fantasy?", "year": 2015, "authors_year": "Joyal, Laflamme, Côté & Bigras / 2015", "source_urls": [ "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25644211/" ], "doi": "10.1111/jsm.12743", "pmid": "25644211", "study_type": "population-based survey statistically classifying 55 fantasy themes as rare/unusual/common/typical by prevalence thresholds; hybrid quantitative + qualitative", "sample": "N=1,517 Quebec adults (799 men, 718 women), mean age 30, general population not students", "outcomes": "fantasy theme prevalence; submission/domination themes; fantasy vs desire distinction; gender differences", "key_result": "only TWO themes statistically rare in both genders (sex with child under 12 ≤2.3%; sex with animal); submission themes NOT unusual — 30-60% of women reported being dominated/spanked/tied up; submission and domination fantasies correlated within persons (r=0.50), not oppositional; women clearly distinguish fantasy from desire (many never want fulfillment), men mostly want fulfillment; being dominated predicted higher overall fantasy intensity in both genders; authors note DSM-5 'anomalous' definition embeds value judgment", "causal_inference": "statistical rarity is not clinical abnormality; self-selected volunteers; Quebec-only sample", "limitations": "self-report; 2015 data", "used_url": "https://psyche-ink.kawaii-girl.com/articles/fantasy-interest-behavior-difference/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "UQTR-hosted PDF + EurekAlert + PubMed checked 2026-08-24 (N=1,517, thresholds consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Sexual Medicine", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SMV-019", "title": "Exploring the World of Sexual Fantasies: A Study on Prevalence and Gender Differences in the Spanish Population", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Ruíz-Zorrilla, Rodríguez-Muñoz & Mañas / 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-024-10285-1" ], "doi": "10.1007/s12119-024-10285-1", "pmid": null, "study_type": "exploratory survey separating three frequencies per fantasy content: thought of / desired to realize / effectively done; gender comparison", "sample": "N=4,683 adults from the Spanish general population", "outcomes": "fantasy thought frequency; desire-to-realize; actual enactment; exploratory/intimate/impersonal typology; gender differences", "key_result": "men reported higher frequencies of thinking about and desiring exploratory, intimate and impersonal fantasies, but their ACTUAL engagement was LESS prevalent than women's — the think/desire/do gap runs opposite to stereotype for enactment; replicates the core Joyal finding that fantasy prevalence is broad and that thinking ≠ wanting ≤ doing are distinct axes", "causal_inference": "self-report; cross-sectional; Spanish sample limits generalization of exact rates", "limitations": "online recruitment; typology-based not theme-by-theme thresholds", "used_url": "https://psyche-ink.kawaii-girl.com/articles/personality-fantasy-consent-field-notes/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Springer page + Semantic Scholar record checked 2026-08-24 (N=4,683, three-axis design consistent); peer-reviewed Sexuality & Culture", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SMV-020", "title": "Uncovering young people's situational construction of sexual consent", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Knountsen, Frank & Herold / 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725231223888", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11186452/" ], "doi": "10.1177/14550725231223888", "pmid": null, "study_type": "30 qualitative in-depth interviews; critical discursive psychology analysis of interpretative repertoires", "sample": "N=30 young Danes aged 19-25", "outcomes": "consent constructions; alcohol-intoxicated consent; miscommunication hypothesis uptake; gendered scripts", "key_result": "three repertoires: (1) consent as agreement between rational individuals — verbal communication framed as ideal, leaning on the miscommunication hypothesis; (2) consent as heteronormative practice — traditional gendered scripts (male initiators, women gatekeepers) drawn on by heterosexual AND LGBTQIA+ participants; (3) intoxicated consent — 'intoxicated self' seen as less able to communicate reliably, sober-state consent described as more trustworthy; participants simultaneously endorsed verbal consent as ideal and relied on nonverbal cues in practice", "causal_inference": "qualitative — no prevalence estimates; single-country sample; discourses ≠ behavior", "limitations": "self-selected interview volunteers", "used_url": "https://psyche-ink.kawaii-girl.com/articles/explicit-consent-does-not-ruin-intimacy/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record + PMC full text checked 2026-08-24 (N=30, three-repertoire structure consistent); peer-reviewed Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs (SAGE); DOI corrected from a misregistered BMC Women's Health entry the same day — journal name in earlier prose mentions also fixed", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SMV-021", "title": "Rejection sensitivity and risky mating tactics: Mate poaching and mate retention", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Rajchert / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2026.113750", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S019188692600113X" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.paid.2026.113750", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two-study cross-sectional design (correlational with controls for aggression, Dark Triad, hostility, fear of being single)", "sample": "Study 1: 73 individuals in long-term heterosexual relationships (mate retention); Study 2: 436 single young adults (forecasted mate retention and poaching tactics)", "outcomes": "rejection sensitivity; mate retention behaviors; forecasted mate poaching/retention tactics", "key_result": "rejection sensitivity positively associated with high-cost mate retention and poaching behaviors; associations largely accounted for by aggression and psychopathy traits; context-dependent link to benefit-provisioning tactics — positive in established relationships, negative among singles: rejection sensitivity feeds risky mating behavior mainly through antagonistic traits and relational context, not as a direct drive", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report with modest N in Study 1; forecasted (not actual) tactics in Study 2", "limitations": "small Study 1 sample; Polish samples; self-report of sensitive behaviors; controls reduce but do not eliminate third-variable concerns", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "ScienceDirect abstract page checked 2026-08-26 (two studies, Ns, findings consistent); no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "SMV-022", "title": "The evolved psychology of mate preferences: Sexual desire underlies the prioritization of attractiveness in long-term partners", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Peters, Maner & Meltzer / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104791", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103125000721" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104791", "pmid": null, "study_type": "three studies across four independent samples; mediation and experimental state-manipulation tests", "sample": "total N=2,099 across four independent samples; Study 1 examined sex and sociosexuality differences, Studies 2–3 manipulated the relevance or activation of sexual desire", "outcomes": "chronic and activated sexual desire; sociosexuality; sex differences; prioritization of attractiveness in long-term partner preferences", "key_result": "chronic sexual desire statistically mediated sex and sociosexuality associations with attractiveness prioritization; experimentally activating high sexual desire increased attractiveness prioritization in men and women to a similar degree, while reducing the relevance of sexual desire decreased it in both", "causal_inference": "yes for the defined short-term manipulations of stated preference within the experiments; no for actual partner choice, relationship formation, relationship outcomes or a personal SMV score", "limitations": "abstract-level design and total sample are clear, but the four samples and preference tasks are not a population estimate; short experimental states, self-report preference tasks and non-universal cultural context limit external validity", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "official ScienceDirect abstract/DOI record checked 2026-09-08; peer-reviewed Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 121:104791; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "SMV-023", "title": "How perceived mate value discrepancies are related to jealousy, mate guarding, intrasexual competition, and partner conflict in monogamous and consensually non-monogamous relationships", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Swanson, Balzarini, Mogilski & Himes / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2026.106936", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090513826001157" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2026.106936", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional comparative survey of monogamous and consensually non-monogamous relationships", "sample": "512 participants recruited through social-media advertisements and snowball sampling: monogamous n=312 and CNM n=200; participants reported on themselves and up to two partners", "outcomes": "self- and partner-perceived mate value; partner conflict; jealousy; mate retention; intrasexual competitiveness; CNM experience and maintenance practices", "key_result": "across relationship types, lower self-rated mate value was associated with more primary-partner conflict and intrasexual competitiveness; within CNM, rating oneself higher than a secondary partner was associated with more conflict, jealousy and mate retention, while disclosure, comfort discussing jealousy, compersion and shared extra-pair sexual experiences were associated with less conflict/jealousy; partner hierarchy endorsement was associated with more", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report associations cannot establish that MVD or relationship practices cause jealousy or conflict, and perceived mate value is not an objective ranking", "limitations": "social-media/snowball recruitment, self-selection, relationship-type and partner-number differences, and self-report of sensitive relational experiences limit generalization; findings do not show that CNM removes or guarantees jealousy", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "official ScienceDirect abstract/DOI record checked 2026-09-08; peer-reviewed Evolution and Human Behavior 47(5):106936; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "SMV-024", "title": "Social context may influence more self-perception and romantic partner preferences than biological sex", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Mafra, Castro & Lopes / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2026.106837", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090513826000164" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2026.106837", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional survey with simulated rival-profile conditions", "sample": "1,166 participants from Northeast Brazil: 511 higher SES and 655 lower SES", "outcomes": "self-perceived physical attractiveness and social skills; short- and long-term partner preferences; rival characteristics and context effects", "key_result": "lower SES participants rated themselves as more physically attractive while higher SES participants rated themselves as more socially skilled; higher SES participants placed more importance on social skills and lower SES participants prioritized physical attractiveness in long-term partners; sex- and SES-specific preference differences were also reported, while static rival stimuli did not broadly shift self-perceived mate value", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report comparisons cannot establish that SES or social context causes changes in mate value or partner choice, and the study does not measure an objective market ranking", "limitations": "Northeast Brazil sample, SES grouping, self-report, static simulated rival profiles and preference outcomes rather than observed dating behavior; not a Japanese population estimate or personal score", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "official ScienceDirect result/DOI surface checked 2026-09-08; peer-reviewed Evolution and Human Behavior 47(3):106837, CC BY/open access; bounded exact-title/DOI correction search found no correction/retraction notice on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "EP-001", "title": "The use and misuse of evolutionary psychology in online manosphere communities: The case of female mating strategies", "year": 2023, "authors_year": "Bachaud, Johns / 2023", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2023.22", "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/use-and-misuse-of-evolutionary-psychology-in-online-manosphere-communities-the-case-of-female-mating-strategies/19522B41CF67DFF9F66D919E1F843CCC" ], "doi": "10.1017/ehs.2023.22", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative corpus study", "sample": "online discourse spanning 1993–2022, evenly divided among five manosphere communities; approximately 9,000 pages", "outcomes": "appropriation of evolutionary concepts, ultimate/proximate explanations, female mating-strategy discourse, moralization and gendered double standards", "key_result": "reputable research was often cited, but hypotheses and conditions were obscured or generalized; evolutionary terminology could be mapped onto contemporary gender politics and practical advice", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative discourse analysis does not estimate prevalence, sincerity, individual beliefs, or dating outcomes", "limitations": "largely English-language and pseudonymous online material; active/vocal members and provocative content are overrepresented; communities and positions vary", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/evolutionary-psychology-manosphere/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / Cambridge page search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "EP-002", "title": "A Hundred and Two Just-So Stories: Exploring the Lay Evolutionary Hypotheses of the Manosphere", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Bachaud, Murphy, Johns / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2025.10020", "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/evolutionary-human-sciences/article/hundred-and-two-justso-stories-exploring-the-lay-evolutionary-hypotheses-of-the-manosphere/3FF5DA80CB844B285E8FC29FC6A86C01" ], "doi": "10.1017/ehs.2025.10020", "pmid": null, "study_type": "dataset and qualitative analysis of lay evolutionary hypotheses", "sample": "102 just-so stories collected from manosphere content", "outcomes": "sex differences, practical advice, explicit speculation markers, lay evolutionary explanations", "key_result": "83.3% concerned sex differences and 36.3% explicitly marked speculation; a just-so story is an insufficiently tested speculative explanation, not a label for every uncertain or later-disputed academic hypothesis", "causal_inference": "no; dataset characteristics do not establish the prevalence or truth of the stories, nor effects on individual behavior", "limitations": "content-derived dataset, not a representative population sample; definition must remain distinct from academic evolutionary hypotheses", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/evolutionary-psychology-manosphere/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / Cambridge page search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "EP-003", "title": "Evolution acceptance, literacy, and knowledge acquisition among online manosphere communities: an exploratory survey study", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Bachaud, Gauchon / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13227-026-00262-0", "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13227-026-00262-0", "https://osf.io/trfxb/" ], "doi": "10.1186/s13227-026-00262-0", "pmid": null, "study_type": "exploratory comparative survey", "sample": "English-speaking manosphere group N=148 and US Prolific comparison group N=151", "outcomes": "evolution acceptance, 20-item science-literacy questionnaire, science-content and peer-reviewed-literature acquisition/sharing", "key_result": "the manosphere group had high education levels, near-unanimous evolution acceptance, and higher questionnaire correct-answer rate (70.4% vs 50.5%); seeking and transmitting scientific content were also reported more often", "causal_inference": "no; exploratory cross-sectional comparison does not show that literacy causes ideology or that education/outreach alone changes discourse", "limitations": "small non-population samples, English-speaking group and US comparison, self-selection, and no causal intervention; findings should not be generalized to all manosphere participants", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/evolutionary-psychology-manosphere/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "official Springer version-of-record page and Kent repository checked 2026-09-08; publication 2026-04-05, version of record 2026-05-20, and the 2026-05-08 supplementary-file order update were confirmed; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "EP-004", "title": "Muscle dysmorphia in adolescents and young adults", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Nagata, Hur, Murakami, Ganson, He, Murray & Lavender / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642%2825%2900283-4", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12893016/" ], "doi": "10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00283-4", "pmid": null, "study_type": "narrative review synthesising epidemiology, assessment and treatment evidence", "sample": "adolescents and young adults; community samples include 3,618 Australian adolescents (1.8% prevalence) and 2,256 Canadian community sample (17.2% at clinical risk on MDDI); sexual-minority subsamples show elevated risk (8.8% in Italian MSM study)", "outcomes": "prevalence ranges; sex/gender patterns; correlates with eating-disorder symptomatology; AAS risk; assessment instruments; treatment evidence", "key_result": "reported rates vary widely and true population prevalence remains unclear; early literature over-samples male weightlifters/bodybuilders; clinical-level symptoms associate with substantially higher eating-disorder risk (OR≈10 in one Italian undergraduate study); not exclusive to males — female ideals shifting toward muscularity; promising psychological treatments exist but large diverse adolescent outcome data are scarce", "causal_inference": "no; a review of heterogeneous observational studies — no causal claims about social media, apps, or masculinity discourse can be drawn from it", "limitations": "narrative (not systematic/meta-analytic) review; diagnostic criteria and instruments vary across studies; general-population prevalence uncertain", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/evolutionary-psychology-manosphere/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "T", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed/PMC and DOI bibliographic surfaces checked 2026-09-08 (PMID 41349557; PMCID PMC12893016; authors, volume and pages consistent); peer-reviewed journal review article; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "EP-005", "title": "Social media and body image in young women: A meta-analysis of experimental studies on video- versus image-based platforms", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Zhang, Xiong, Yao & Chen / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101991" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101991", "pmid": null, "study_type": "preregistered meta-analysis of experimental studies only; content type (body-ideal vs body-positive) and platform modality (video vs image) as moderators", "sample": "20 experimental studies; 3,603 young female participants aged ~12-35", "outcomes": "body satisfaction after controlled exposure to body-ideal or body-positive social media content; platform as moderator", "key_result": "body-ideal content causally reduced body satisfaction (d=-0.29); body-positive content improved it (d=0.20); video platforms intensified the harm — TikTok-style ideal videos d=-0.45 vs Instagram images d=-0.25; positive-content effects similar across platforms but based on few studies", "causal_inference": "yes for short-term causal effects of content exposure within experiments — randomized designs isolate content effects on state body satisfaction; no for long-term trajectories, clinical outcomes, or real-feed behavior", "limitations": "young women only; short-term lab exposures; TikTok/Instagram framing from study selection; body-positive evidence base thin per authors", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/evolutionary-psychology-manosphere/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed/DOI and publisher bibliographic surfaces checked 2026-09-08 (PMID 41161231; Body Image 55:101991; 20 studies and N=3,603 consistent); peer-reviewed journal; preregistered plan noted; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "AGEISM-001", "title": "Ageing: Ageism", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "World Health Organization / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/ageing-ageism" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "official evidence synthesis / public-health Q&A", "sample": "global guidance; the Q&A summarizes evidence from the WHO Global report and does not provide a Japan-specific survey sample", "outcomes": "age stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination, self-directed ageism, health/longevity/well-being associations, policy/education/intergenerational interventions", "key_result": "defines ageism as stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination based on age toward others or oneself; says it affects everyone, intersects with sex/race/disability, and is associated with poorer health and well-being; identifies three intervention strategies", "causal_inference": "no new causal estimate in the Q&A; population-level evidence and associations should not be converted into individual diagnosis or lifespan prediction", "limitations": "global summary, heterogeneous evidence base, not a Japanese prevalence estimate; the reported 7.5-year association is not an individual causal forecast", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "WHO page checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction concept applies to this official Q&A surface", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "AGEISM-002", "title": "Global report on ageism", "year": 2021, "authors_year": "WHO, UN DESA, UNFPA, OHCHR / 2021", "source_urls": [ "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240016866", "https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/340208/9789240016866-eng.pdf?sequence=1" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "global evidence report and framework for action", "sample": "global report; 173 pages, evidence on the nature, magnitude, determinants and impact of ageism", "outcomes": "ageism evidence, determinants, impact, prevention and counter-ageism strategies", "key_result": "brings together available evidence, recommendations for multiple actors, gaps and future research directions; supports policy/law, education and intergenerational strategies in the later WHO Q&A", "causal_inference": "synthesis/report, not a single randomized effect estimate; strategy evidence must be read by intervention and outcome", "limitations": "heterogeneity across countries, ages, measures and interventions; not a direct estimate of Japanese dating or health outcomes", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "WHO report page and linked PDF checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "AGEISM-003", "title": "Ageing and health", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "World Health Organization / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "official public-health fact sheet", "sample": "global population-health context; no single study sample claimed on the page", "outcomes": "healthy ageing, ageism, age-friendly environments, integrated care, long-term care", "key_result": "frames changing how societies think, feel and act toward age as one of four action areas in the UN Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021–2030)", "causal_inference": "no; fact sheet is a policy/public-health overview rather than a causal study", "limitations": "global policy framing, not a Japanese intervention or individual health prediction", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "T", "correction_retraction_check": "WHO page checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "AGEISM-004", "title": "Psychometric Properties of the Everyday Ageism Scale: Results from the Experiences of Aging in Society Project", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Ober Allen / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/08982643251378211", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/08982643251378211" ], "doi": "10.1177/08982643251378211", "pmid": null, "study_type": "psychometric validation study", "sample": "2021–2023 Experiences of Aging in Society project; N=237, ages 50+, multiracial/multiethnic, 72.6% female", "outcomes": "EAS factor structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent/criterion validity, concurrent health indicators", "key_result": "CFA generally supported the three-factor structure; reliability was satisfactory for the full scale and two subscales; validity included concurrent chronic physical health-condition and mental-health indicators", "causal_inference": "no; concurrent health prediction/association in a measurement study does not establish a causal health effect", "limitations": "restricted-access article; messages subscale needs continued attention; raw data are not public and the sample is not Japan-wide", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher page checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "AGEISM-005", "title": "Validation of the Everyday Ageism Scale Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Item Response Theory", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Arsenault, MacNab & Hadjistavropoulos / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275251400327", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/01640275251400327", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41265461/" ], "doi": "10.1177/01640275251400327", "pmid": "41265461", "study_type": "psychometric validation with CFA and IRT", "sample": "486 North American older adults", "outcomes": "EAS reliability, three-factor model fit, item discrimination and measurement precision", "key_result": "the prior three-factor structure had good model fit and acceptable omega; items differed in precision/discrimination, with items 8–10 flagged for refinement", "causal_inference": "no; item-level measurement performance is not a causal or prevalence estimate", "limitations": "North American sample; cross-cultural validation remains open; the scale is a self-report measure", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher/PubMed surfaces checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "AGEISM-006", "title": "日常的エイジズム認知尺度日本語版（EAS-J）の作成", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "清水佑輔 / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/journalofjsis/advpub/0/advpub_advpub_JSIS15_04/_pdf" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "Japanese translation and cross-sectional psychometric study", "sample": "online survey of 753 adults aged 65–88; 39 trap-question exclusions; analysis N=714; survey in 2025-07", "outcomes": "Japanese EAS-J, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability, concurrent/convergent/discriminant validity, life satisfaction associations", "key_result": "three subscales matched the original EAS; message exposure r=.69, interpersonal ageism α=.79, internalized ageism α=.78; interpersonal and internalized scores were associated with lower life satisfaction", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional associations do not determine causal direction or Japanese prevalence", "limitations": "online-accessible older adults may be healthier/less representative; no retest reliability; no strict back-translation or cross-cultural measurement-equivalence test; life satisfaction is not direct physical/mental health", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "J-STAGE page checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "AGEISM-007", "title": "Development and Psychometric Validation of the Japanese Version of the Everyday Ageism Scale (EAS-J) Among Older Adults", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Kawaguchi, Koga, Yamada, Kurotori, Takeuchi, Lingling & Nakagomi / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.70641", "https://gyoseki.twmu.ac.jp/twmhp/KgApp?Language=2&resId=S044090" ], "doi": "10.1111/ggi.70641", "pmid": null, "study_type": "mixed-methods translation and cross-sectional psychometric validation", "sample": "nationwide online panel of 1,500 adults aged 60–79; quota sampling in 2025-09; forward/back translation and cognitive interviews", "outcomes": "EAS-J three-factor CFA, reliability, validity, and MIMIC associations with loneliness, stress, well-being, self-esteem and happiness", "key_result": "reported a three-factor EAS-J with good fit on most reported indices, good internal consistency, moderate test-retest reliability, supported convergent/discriminant validity, and associations with well-being indicators", "causal_inference": "no; measurement validation and MIMIC associations are not a causal health effect or a national ageism prevalence estimate", "limitations": "online quota-panel frame and cross-sectional design; the scale is for older adults and should not be treated as culturally interchangeable without further testing", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI/institutional author surfaces checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "AGEISM-008", "title": "The gender convergence effect in older age: A meta-analysis of age and gender stereotypes", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Shakeri & North / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000467", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39964455/" ], "doi": "10.1037/bul0000467", "pmid": "39964455", "study_type": "meta-analysis of stereotype and attitude studies", "sample": "55 reports, 92 samples, N=37,235; studies comparing age and gender-related evaluations", "outcomes": "warmth, agency, behavior evaluations, pro-younger and gender contrasts", "key_result": "older women and older men were nearly equivalent overall (g=-.01); pro-younger bias was stronger among women than men (g=-.34 vs -.22); evaluation dimensions showed convergence and divergence patterns", "causal_inference": "no; meta-analytic attitudes are not estimates of discrimination prevalence, hiring outcomes, or dating-market value", "limitations": "study measures and age groups varied; findings concern attitudes and stereotypes rather than direct lived discrimination or Japanese population outcomes", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI/PubMed surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "AGEISM-009", "title": "Ageism and the feminization of old age: A systematic review", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Robles Costa et al. / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2025.106084", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167494325003413" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.archger.2025.106084", "pmid": null, "study_type": "systematic review with qualitative synthesis", "sample": "searches across six databases for 2014–2024 literature; 14 included studies", "outcomes": "gendered ageism, disability, frailty, depression, self-rated health, mortality and socioeconomic context", "key_result": "synthesized different forms of disadvantage reported for older women and older men, including health and mortality patterns; the review does not reduce them to one hierarchy", "causal_inference": "no; heterogeneous reviewed studies and qualitative synthesis do not establish a single ageism cause or causal effect", "limitations": "study designs, settings and outcomes were heterogeneous; not a Japanese forecast and not evidence that ageism alone explains each disparity", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI/ScienceDirect surface checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "AGEISM-010", "title": "Sexual Ageism or Sexual Stigma? Sexual Double Standards and Disgust Sensitivity in Judgments of Sexual and Romantic Behavior", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Petruzzello, O’Sullivan & Renstrom / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2025.2565806", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41020756/" ], "doi": "10.1080/00224499.2025.2565806", "pmid": "41020756", "study_type": "two experimental studies", "sample": "total N=678; stimuli described 25- or 65-year-old women and men and sexual versus romantic behavior", "outcomes": "negativity, risk judgments, sexual double standards, disgust sensitivity", "key_result": "sexual targets were judged more negatively and as riskier than romantic targets for both ages; the pattern was not limited to older targets, supporting a distinction between sexual stigma and sexual ageism", "causal_inference": "no; vignette experiments test judgments in defined scenarios, not population prevalence or older adults’ sexual health", "limitations": "stimulus framing, sample composition and disgust measures constrain generalization; does not assess older adults’ desire, function, satisfaction or dating outcomes", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI/PubMed surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "AGEISM-011", "title": "The World Health Organization ageism towards older persons scale: preliminary validation of a novel measure of ageist stereotypes, prejudices, and discrimination in four different countries", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Ayalon, de Paula Couto, Rothermund, Nikitin, Li, Xiao & Murray / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaf384", "https://academic.oup.com/ageing/article/55/1/afaf384/8440116", "https://academic.oup.com/ageing/article/55/3/afag067/8524965" ], "doi": "10.1093/ageing/afaf384", "pmid": null, "study_type": "preliminary psychometric validation with multigroup CFA and measurement-invariance testing", "sample": "Czech Republic n=338, Germany n=391, Israel n=346, United Kingdom n=694; total N=1,778; ages 20–90; no country used a representative probability sample", "outcomes": "WHO-A-TOPS items on stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination directed toward older persons; structural validity, internal consistency, construct validity, country and age-group invariance", "key_result": "iterative selection produced a 10-item one-factor model; partial scalar invariance across countries and scalar invariance across 20–45, 46–65 and 66+ age groups were reported; the three conceptual dimensions did not separate cleanly as factors", "causal_inference": "no; psychometric validation does not estimate Japanese prevalence, actual discrimination totals, causal health effects, dating-market value or a personal score", "limitations": "largely Euro-centred sampling, non-identical country collection procedures, one language per country, no probability samples, and open questions around intervention sensitivity and test–retest reliability; the March 2026 correction concerns reference and supplementary-file numbering", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "Oxford Academic and correction notice checked 2026-08-13; correction notice describes reference/supplement numbering fixes", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "AGEISM-012", "title": "Development and application of a scale for older patients’ perceived ageist behavior of medical staff in China", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Ren, Wang & Liu / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1791211", "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1791211/full", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13121340/", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42058310/" ], "doi": "10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1791211", "pmid": "42058310", "study_type": "scale development and cross-sectional validation/application study", "sample": "1,010 Chinese older patients aged 60+ who had visited a medical institution within the previous 12 months; convenience sampling; wave 1 n=300 and wave 2 n=710 split into EFA n=355 and CFA n=355", "outcomes": "13-item OPABMS with Avoidance Behavior, Perfunctory Behavior and Complaint Behavior; Patient Loyalty and Patient Satisfaction scales", "key_result": "in the n=710 analysis table OPABMS was M=2.08 (SD=.65) and patient loyalty M=3.45 (SD=.77); OPABMS total/subscales were negatively correlated with loyalty (r=-.390 to -.240, p<.001); authors reported variance associations for recommendation, revisit and positive word-of-mouth intentions", "causal_inference": "no; self-reported cross-sectional associations do not establish that perceived ageism causes lower loyalty or measure objective clinical quality", "limitations": "subjective target-perception measure rather than an objective staff-quality score; convenience sample, 12-month recall, self-report, China-only context, and initial validation limit generalization; do not treat the mean as Japanese prevalence", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "Frontiers, PMC and PubMed surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced in the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "AGEISM-013", "title": "Associations between other-directed ageism, subjective views on aging, and mental health among middle-aged Japanese adults: a cross-sectional path analysis", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Tomozawa & Hosokawa / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-026-02019-6", "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13690-026-02019-6", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42482271/" ], "doi": "10.1186/s13690-026-02019-6", "pmid": "42482271", "study_type": "online cross-sectional path analysis", "sample": "1,213 Japanese adults aged 40–59 in a non-probability online panel; quotas for sex, five-year age group and six geographic blocks; 117 care-dependent-condition exclusions from 1,330 collected responses", "outcomes": "Japanese short FSA for other-directed ageism; AARC gains/losses; K6 psychological distress; SSS-8 somatic symptoms; path analysis with 5,000 bootstrap resamples and covariate adjustment", "key_result": "FSA-avoidance was indirectly associated with higher K6 and SSS-8 through lower AARC-gains and higher AARC-losses, and also had direct associations; antipathy/discrimination showed AARC and indirect associations but no significant direct or total associations in the mutually adjusted subscale model; antilocution was limited", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional data cannot establish temporal order, mediation as a causal mechanism, or that other-directed ageism causes poorer health", "limitations": "official page labels the manuscript an unedited early-access version; non-probability online panel, quota limits, self-report/common-method bias, cross-sectional design, Japan-only context and no objective health indicators constrain generalization; do not treat as Japanese prevalence, diagnosis or causal effect", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Springer Nature and PubMed surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced in the checked surfaces; early-access editing warning remains", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "AGEISM-014", "title": "Perceived age discrimination and cognitive function in older Korean adults: a cross-sectional study", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "You & Kim / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2026.2639635", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41830443/" ], "doi": "10.1080/13607863.2026.2639635", "pmid": "41830443", "study_type": "cross-sectional analysis of a national survey of older Koreans", "sample": "2020 National Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Older Koreans; 9,885 adults aged 65+ after proxy responses and non-responses were excluded", "outcomes": "seven yes/no questions about perceived age discrimination across settings; Mini-Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening cognitive-function measure", "key_result": "40.5% reported age discrimination at least once in the previous year; after covariate adjustment, perceived age discrimination was associated with poorer cognitive function and greater odds of cognitive impairment suggestive of dementia (OR=1.174, p<.001)", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional association cannot establish that age discrimination caused cognitive decline, establish temporal order, or provide a clinical dementia diagnosis", "limitations": "Korean survey context, self-reported discrimination, screening rather than clinical diagnosis, and possible residual confounding; not a Japanese prevalence estimate, personal cognitive-risk prediction or causal effect", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed and DOI surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced in the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "AGEISM-015", "title": "A brief measure of individual differences in experiences of ageism across adulthood: Psychometric evaluation of the WHO 5-item Ageism Experiences Scale", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Murray, Li & Booth / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107143", "https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/a-brief-measure-of-individual-differences-in-experiences-of-ageis/" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107143", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two-wave psychometric validation and regression association study", "sample": "mixed-age UK adult sample N=402, ages 20–65, two waves; not a Japanese probability sample", "outcomes": "5-item WHO Ageism Experiences Scale, item descriptives, test-retest reliability, convergent/divergent validity, chronological age, subjective age and deviation", "key_result": "5-item scale showed good reliability, temporal stability and expected convergent/divergent validity; perceived ageism had a U-shaped association with chronological age and was greater among people who felt older than chronological age", "causal_inference": "no; psychometric/observational associations do not establish age causing experienced ageism, Japanese prevalence or health effects", "limitations": "UK mixed-age sample, self-report and study-specific short scale; abstract does not establish cross-language equivalence, causal effect or individual diagnosis", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted Edinburgh repository, DOI and exact-title search on 2026-08-13 found no correction/retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "AGEISM-016", "title": "Experiences of Ageism in mHealth App Usage Among Older Adults: Interview Study Among Older Adults Based on Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and Risks of Ageism Models", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Sun, Liu, Zhang, Xing, Zhou & Luan / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.2196/79457", "https://aging.jmir.org/2026/1/e79457/", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41500194/", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12779297/" ], "doi": "10.2196/79457", "pmid": "41500194", "study_type": "qualitative interpretive phenomenological interview study", "sample": "12 community-dwelling older adults aged 60+ with regular mHealth-app experience of at least 3 months in one Shanghai community; purposive sample; interviews conducted February–April 2025", "outcomes": "face-to-face semistructured interviews and observations; extended UTAUT and Risks of Ageism Models; Colaizzi analysis and NVivo 14; three themes: internalized stereotypes/technological uselessness and learning barriers, stereotype-threat anxiety/avoidance, and external unfair treatment from age-unfriendly design and inadequate support", "key_result": "the study reports those themes and recommends challenging stereotypes, intergenerational support, age-friendly design and social support to improve digital inclusion and health self-management; no effect estimate or tested intervention", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative single-community interviews cannot establish prevalence, causal ageism effects, mHealth effectiveness, Japanese generalization or intervention effect", "limitations": "small purposive Shanghai community sample, community-dwelling only, possible selection toward app users, qualitative interpretation, no long-term follow-up; do not treat as a Japan rate, universal older-adult behavior or tested intervention", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "JMIR Aging, DOI, PubMed and PMC surfaces checked 2026-08-13; exact-title/DOI correction-retraction search found no notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "AGEISM-017", "title": "Is It Harder for Older Workers to Find Jobs? New and Improved Evidence from a Field Experiment", "year": 2019, "authors_year": "Neumark, Burn & Button / 2019", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1086/702575", "https://www.nber.org/papers/w21669" ], "doi": "10.1086/702575", "pmid": null, "study_type": "resume-correspondence (audit) field experiment: matched fictitious applications differing in age signal sent to real vacancies; callback rates compared", "sample": "~40,000 applications to 13,000+ job postings across 12 U.S. state-level job boards; sales, administrative and retail positions; young (29-31), middle-aged (49-51) and older (64-66) applicant profiles", "outcomes": "employer callback rates by applicant age group; state age-discrimination protection strength as moderator", "key_result": "older applicants received significantly fewer callbacks than younger applicants; callback penalties appeared at both middle-aged and older comparisons in several settings; stronger state protections were not associated with smaller gaps (and in some analyses showed larger ones)", "causal_inference": "yes for the existence of differential treatment in real hiring pipelines (randomized age signal); no for mechanisms — statistical vs taste-based discrimination cannot be separated by design", "limitations": "measures callbacks, not hires or job offers; US labor market circa 2015-16; age signaled via high-school graduation date on otherwise-matched resumes", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "Journal of Political Economy 127(3):922-970 record checked 2026-08-23; peer-reviewed field experiment with public data; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "AGEISM-018", "title": "Ageism in a health-related context: the physiological, psychological, and behavioral effects of subtle age discrimination", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Ng, Kim, Hebl & King / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-07489-2" ], "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-07489-2", "pmid": null, "study_type": "randomized lab experiment: older adults interacted with a lab-coat-wearing 'health authority' scripted to show subtle age discrimination or neutral treatment; HRV, trust and avoidance measured", "sample": "64 US adults aged 65+ (mean 75.1), predominantly White (86%) and college-educated (77%)", "outcomes": "heart rate variability (RMSSD); trust toward the health authority; avoidance intentions and return-visit willingness", "key_result": "subtle discrimination lowered HRV, reduced trust, and increased avoidance of future interactions vs neutral condition; manipulation check confirmed condition differences; experimental design supports causal inference for the lab interaction", "causal_inference": "yes for short-term lab effects of subtle discrimination on physiological/psychological/behavioral outcomes; no for real-world healthcare trajectories or long-term health effects", "limitations": "small sample (n=64 after exclusions); two young male experimenters; unrepresentative sample; single session", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "Nature Sci Reports open-access PDF checked 2026-08-23 (N=64, design, results tables consistent); peer-reviewed; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "AGEISM-019", "title": "Ageism and Self-Perception of Ageing: Psychosocial Factors and Cohort Comparisons", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Faílde Garrido, Dapía Conde, Ruiz Soriano & Rivera Nieto / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/16/4/527" ], "doi": "10.3390/bs16040527", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional survey comparing self-perceptions of aging across three age cohorts with intra-group variability analysis among older adults", "sample": "N=1,047 total; three age cohorts; older-adult subgroup split 65-75 vs >=76 years", "outcomes": "self-perception of aging scores; psychosocial correlates; cohort differences", "key_result": "ageism-related stereotypes shape how individuals perceive their own aging; perceptions differed significantly across cohorts and within the older-adult group itself — aging self-views are not uniform among 'the elderly'; psychosocial factors associated with more negative self-perceptions identified", "causal_inference": "no — cross-sectional associations; internalization direction not established within this design", "limitations": "single-country sample per MDPI article; self-report measures", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "MDPI open-access record checked 2026-08-24 (N=1047, three cohorts, intra-group design consistent); peer-reviewed Behavioral Sciences", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "AGEISM-020", "title": "Systematic review and meta-analysis of mechanistic loneliness interventions for older adults", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Coppola, Ibrahim, Bloch, Sah, Mehta, Goel et al. / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.70046", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13110915/" ], "doi": "10.1111/nyas.70046", "pmid": null, "study_type": "systematic review and meta-analysis of mechanistic loneliness intervention RCTs for community and care settings; 35 RCTs from 31 studies (29 in the meta-analysis)", "sample": "older adults; mixed community/care settings across trials included in the synthesis", "outcomes": "loneliness reduction by intervention type (mechanism-targeted vs social-contact etc.)", "key_result": "interventions were effective overall in reducing loneliness in older adults; mechanism-targeted program content distinguished from generic social contact per the mechanistic framing; heterogeneity across trial designs noted by authors", "causal_inference": "yes for average treatment effects within these RCTs — but trial populations, formats and comparison conditions are heterogeneous; no claim about which single program works everywhere", "limitations": "publication/selection limits typical of interventional syntheses; PMC page bot-walled this session so effect sizes were not re-extracted row-level", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record checked 2026-08-24 (title/journal/volume/authors consistent); PubMed listing exists (PMID 40930084); peer-reviewed Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1552(1):66-77", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "AGEISM-021", "title": "The effectiveness of social support interventions on loneliness among older people in the community: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Huang, Yang, Yao, Li, Wu, Zhou & Wang / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.3389/fragi.2025.1594513" ], "doi": "10.3389/fragi.2025.1594513", "pmid": null, "study_type": "meta-analysis of RCTs assessing social support interventions for loneliness in community-dwelling older adults", "sample": "19 RCTs; over half from China (7) and the US (4); community-dwelling older adults", "outcomes": "loneliness scores (SMD vs control)", "key_result": "social support interventions significantly reduced loneliness: overall SMD=-0.60 (95%CI -1.00 to -0.20; I2=93%, random effects); interventions shorter than 3 months showed SMD=-0.68; multicomponent programs combining emotional, peer and technological support showed the largest effect (SMD=-1.26, I2=97%)", "causal_inference": "yes for average RCT effects within these trials — but very high heterogeneity (I2 93-97%) means pooled point estimates are unstable across settings", "limitations": "over half the trials from two countries; multicomponent subgroup especially heterogeneous; JBI-appraised quality varied", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record + open-access PDF checked 2026-08-24 (19 RCTs, SMD estimates consistent); peer-reviewed Frontiers in Aging; open access", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "AGEISM-022", "title": "Interventions against loneliness and social isolation in older adults — a systematic review", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Bergsträsser, Schmahl, Steinhäuser & Goetz / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-27683-9" ], "doi": "10.1186/s12889-026-27683-9", "pmid": null, "study_type": "systematic review of interventions against loneliness and social isolation among adults aged 60+ published during or after the COVID-19 pandemic; 79 studies included; meta-analysis deemed inappropriate due to heterogeneity so narrative synthesis used", "sample": "adults 60 years and older; community and care settings; post-pandemic publications", "outcomes": "loneliness; social isolation; social support; social participation", "key_result": "analogue (in-person) community interventions such as group meetings, social participation programs and educational or psychological programs tended to be superior to purely technological ones; AI-based and robot interventions reported exclusively positive results but mainly from observational designs; combining analogue and technological components showed promising results for reducing loneliness; no single format was unequivocally effective across all settings", "causal_inference": "no causal effect estimates — narrative synthesis of heterogeneous intervention trials; effectiveness depends on tailoring to target group and setting", "limitations": "heterogeneity prevented quantitative pooling; risk-of-bias variation across the 79 studies noted", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record + Springer open-access full text checked 2026-08-24 (79 studies, categorization and findings consistent); peer-reviewed BMC Public Health; open access", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "AGEISM-023", "title": "Ageism is not just about age: Introducing the concept of generalized discrimination experiences", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Bratt, Abrams & Lalot / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0002222", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42329719/" ], "doi": "10.1037/dev0002222", "pmid": "42329719", "study_type": "secondary analysis of large UK survey; CFA and SEM", "sample": "N > 14,000 UK respondents aged 18–93, diverse ethnicities and socioeconomic backgrounds", "outcomes": "generalized discrimination experiences across domains (age, gender, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, health/disability, financial situation); age-specific discrimination", "key_result": "one-factor model of generalized discrimination fit well (CFI=.994); SEM distinguished generalized from age-specific discrimination: younger respondents reported substantially more generalized discrimination experiences, older respondents reported more age-specific discrimination (CFI=.996); older adults reported generalized discrimination mainly with lower social status — reconciles conflicting views on who suffers ageism", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report survey — perceived experiences, not verified acts; SEM describes covariance structure", "limitations": "UK-only sample; self-report measures; single time point; effect of respondent status on reporting cannot be fully separated from experience itself", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract checked 2026-08-26 (N, measures, CFA/SEM results consistent); APA psycnet record exists; online-ahead-of-print status noted; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "AGEISM-024", "title": "Daily ageism and negative affect as a function of older adults’ sexual orientation", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Shenkman, Shrira, Shaia & Palgi / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000892", "https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2027-88279-001" ], "doi": "10.1037/cou0000892", "pmid": null, "study_type": "14-day daily diary design (community-dwelling older adults, Israel)", "sample": "N=151 lesbian/gay/bisexual/heterosexual middle-aged and older adults (M age=59.73, range 50–79)", "outcomes": "daily ageism (ageist messages, age-based discrimination experiences, internalization of ageist beliefs); daily negative affect", "key_result": "higher daily NA on days with higher ageism; the coupling of ageist messages and internalized ageist beliefs with NA was stronger among sexual minority elders than heterosexual counterparts (double jeopardy of age + sexual minority stigma); no such interaction for age-based discrimination experiences — captures day-to-day, context-dependent nature of age-related stigma", "causal_inference": "no; diary design shows within-person coupling, not causal effects; self-report measures", "limitations": "Israeli sample; non-probability community sample; NA measured as daily self-report", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "APA PsycNet / DOI record checked 2026-08-26 (abstract: N=151, 14-day diary, findings consistent); online-first; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "AGEISM-025", "title": "The impact of ageism on sexual health in older adults: an integrative review", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Cao, Gordon, Nian & Johnson / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaf304", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41390966/", "https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article-abstract/66/2/gnaf304/8379750" ], "doi": "10.1093/geront/gnaf304", "pmid": "41390966", "study_type": "integrative review with systematic search and qualitative synthesis", "sample": "634 records identified; 29 studies included; studies of ageism, sexual health and older adults identified through multiple databases", "outcomes": "societal and internalized ageism; sexual expression stigma, intimate/private environments, pleasure, overlooked sexual-health concerns, sexual violence", "key_result": "the review organizes five ways ageism can affect later-life sexual health, including stigma, neglect of intimacy/privacy, reduced pleasure, overlooked concerns and underestimation of sexual violence", "causal_inference": "no; integrative review and heterogeneous underlying studies do not provide a pooled causal effect or individual risk estimate", "limitations": "searches covered literature published before January 2025; review-level thematic synthesis, heterogeneous measures and settings; not a Japanese prevalence, sexual-function rate or treatment-effect estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/ageism-stereotypes-health/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed, DOI and Oxford Academic surfaces checked 2026-09-17; no correction/retraction notice surfaced in bounded title/DOI search", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-17" }, { "id": "MET-001", "title": "Online Dating: A Critical Analysis From the Perspective of Psychological Science", "year": 2012, "authors_year": "Finkel, Eastwick, Karney, Reis, Sprecher / 2012", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100612436522", "https://www.psychologicalscience.org/publications/journals/pspi/online-dating.html" ], "doi": "10.1177/1529100612436522", "pmid": null, "study_type": "critical review", "sample": "no single empirical sample; review of access, communication, and matching evidence", "outcomes": "access, online communication, matching algorithms, face-to-face chemistry and relationship outcomes", "key_result": "online dating can widen access and foster intimacy, but online expectations can diverge from face-to-face experience; evidence that matching algorithms predict chemistry or good matches was limited", "causal_inference": "review; it does not establish one causal effect for all platforms or users", "limitations": "evidence and platforms change; access, communication, matching, and relationship outcomes are distinct stages", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "T", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "MET-002", "title": "Aspirational pursuit of mates in online dating markets", "year": 2018, "authors_year": "Bruch, Newman / 2018", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aap9815", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6082652/" ], "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aap9815", "pmid": null, "study_type": "quantitative digital-trace study", "sample": "nearly 187,000 heterosexual users in four large US cities on one popular free site", "outcomes": "incoming messages, sender desirability, PageRank-based operational desirability, pursuit gap, reply probability", "key_result": "users pursued partners about 25% more desirable on average; larger desirability gaps were associated with lower reply probability in the observed market", "causal_inference": "no; network behavior and association do not identify intrinsic attractiveness or causality", "limitations": "heterosexual US sample, one platform, historical platform design, and an operational network measure rather than an objective score", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher / PMC search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "MET-003", "title": "Predicting User Replying Behavior on a Large Online Dating Site", "year": 2014, "authors_year": "Xia et al. / 2014", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v8i1.14516", "https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/view/14516" ], "doi": "10.1609/icwsm.v8i1.14516", "pmid": null, "study_type": "machine-learning prediction study", "sample": "data from a major Chinese dating site; platform reported more than 60 million registered users", "outcomes": "initial-message reply event, profile features, network features, prediction performance", "key_result": "tested whether an initial reply could be predicted from profile and network information; the outcome was replying behavior, not attraction or relationship success", "causal_inference": "no; predictive performance is not a causal explanation or a universal individual rating", "limitations": "platform-specific data, event definition and time window; prediction is not evidence that a feature causes a reply", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "official DOI and AAAI article page rechecked 2026-09-18; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked publisher surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-18" }, { "id": "MET-004", "title": "Propose with a rose? Signaling in internet dating markets", "year": 2015, "authors_year": "Lee, Niederle / 2015", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10683-014-9425-9", "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/experimental-economics/article/abs/propose-with-a-rose-signaling-in-internet-dating-markets/290AAE39D01B06D28169C646242F2788" ], "doi": "10.1007/s10683-014-9425-9", "pmid": null, "study_type": "randomized field experiment", "sample": "online dating market participants randomly endowed with two or eight virtual roses; no sample size claimed here", "outcomes": "preference signal, offer acceptance, total dates, rose utilization", "key_result": "sending a rose increased offer acceptance and total dates in the study's defined market; the abstract reports the effect was not explained by attention or unobserved quality", "causal_inference": "yes for the assigned signal endowment and the defined acceptance/date outcomes", "limitations": "platform-specific signaling mechanism; article-level event outcomes are not intrinsic attractiveness, universal SMV, or long-term relationship quality", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher page checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction text surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "MET-005", "title": "Once Upon a Swipe: The Impact of Storytelling on Dating Profile Appeal", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Birnbaum, Zholtack / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000661", "https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2026/03/narrative-dating-profiles" ], "doi": "10.1037/ppm0000661", "pmid": null, "study_type": "three experimental studies", "sample": "single participants; the checked DOI and APA surfaces do not expose a pooled sample size", "outcomes": "narrative versus non-narrative profile self-presentation in written, pictorial and combined modalities; empathy, romantic interest and actual efforts to reconnect", "key_result": "narrative self-presentations increased empathy, especially when both text and pictures were narrative; empathy predicted greater interest, including reconnect efforts", "causal_inference": "no; controlled profile experiments do not establish effects on real-app matches, replies, relationship formation or long-term satisfaction", "limitations": "study-specific stimuli and participant contexts; no pooled sample size on the checked official surfaces; not a Japanese app-success or population estimate; no universal profile prescription", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI and APA press-release surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced in the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "MET-006", "title": "Large language models can detect verbal indicators of romantic attraction", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Matz, Peters, Cerf, Grunenberg, Eastwick, Back, Finkel / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-52308-x", "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-52308-x" ], "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-52308-x", "pmid": null, "study_type": "predictive secondary analysis of archival speed-dating data with a Brunswik lens-model framing", "sample": "original dataset: 1,039 four-minute speed dates from 187 U.S. Midwest undergraduates (93 women, 94 men) across eight 2007 events; 964 matched transcripts used for analysis", "outcomes": "ChatGPT and Claude 3 transcript predictions; human video/transcript judgments; liking, follow-up-date intention, commonality, personality similarity, connection, mutual contact exchange, cue use and incremental prediction beyond participants’ own predictions", "key_result": "ChatGPT/Claude predicted objective and subjective outcomes with r=0.12–0.23; model judgments overlapped with human observers at r=0.21–0.35; 23% of dyads exchanged contact information; predictions of actual contact exchange were on par with human observers given the same information and added to participants’ own predictions; cues included conversation valence, humor, common interests and aligned values, while some cues judged relevant by neither humans nor models did not predict matching", "causal_inference": "no; archival predictive correlations do not establish causality, recommendation-system effectiveness or a universal attraction score", "limitations": "historical U.S. undergraduate speed-dating sample, short four-minute interactions, transcript-only model input without nonverbal/paraverbal cues, short-term outcomes and model/version-specific judgments; LLM cue judgments may reflect training-data biases; not a current app or long-term relationship estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "Scientific Reports version-of-record, Nature full text, Crossmark and Crossref surfaces checked 2026-09-08; no Crossref update-to relation or correction/retraction notice surfaced; the duplicate MET-019 entry was merged here", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "MET-007", "title": "Leveling up: How users perceive, understand, and experience gamified elements in dating apps and how it shapes their dating scripts", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Valente, Sepúlveda & Vieira / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448251413709", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14614448251413709", "https://repositorio.iscte-iul.pt/handle/10071/36213" ], "doi": "10.1177/14614448251413709", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative study with thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews", "sample": "31 current/former dating-app users in Portugal; 17 cis women, 14 cis men; participant table lists ages 18–39, 27 Portuguese (87.1%), 19 current and 12 former users; interviews Dec 2023–Feb 2024", "outcomes": "users’ conceptualization of gamification, profile curation, swiping, likes, matches, notifications, dating scripts and adaptive strategies; MaxQDA thematic analysis", "key_result": "themes were Gamification in Dating Apps, Differences in Dating Scripts and Adaptive Gamified Scripts; all 31 linked apps to games at least once; participants described swiping/matching/notifications as selection, reward and feedback, and profile/message optimization as adaptation", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative interpretation does not establish that gamification causes addiction, burnout, psychological-health outcomes, match rates or relationships", "limitations": "Portugal-dominant snowball sample, 31 interviews, entirely cisgender incidentally, self-report and platform-specific experience; the abstract says 18–34 while the participant table includes four participants over 35; not a Japanese prevalence or platform-wide user estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE, DOI, ISCTE repository/PDF and exact-title correction/retraction searches checked 2026-08-13; no notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "MET-008", "title": "Love-Lite: Self-Regulated Intimacy Across the Personal Journeys of Dating App Users", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Klein / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1163/25895745-bja10057" ], "doi": "10.1163/25895745-bja10057", "pmid": null, "study_type": "longitudinal qualitative study", "sample": "20 heterosexual dating-app users in Montreal; the public abstract does not expose recruitment method, follow-up duration/count, app mix or relationship-status distribution", "outcomes": "early-stage digital relationships, restrained engagement, measured displays of affection, cautious emotional investment and symbolic attachment to ideals of love and commitment", "key_result": "the abstract introduces “love-lite” as a negotiated posture combining openness to connection with emotional moderation and enduring romantic ideals; it does not report a platform-wide attitude rate or relationship-success effect", "causal_inference": "no; a qualitative concept from one longitudinal sample does not estimate prevalence, causal effects, match/reply rates or relationship outcomes", "limitations": "Montreal setting, 20 heterosexual users, abstract-level access only, unexposed recruitment and follow-up details, self-report and author-defined concept; not a Japanese user estimate, app-feature effect, psychological scale or individual diagnosis", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "Brill DOI/abstract and exact-title correction/retraction searches checked 2026-08-13; full-text access options remained limited and no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "MET-009", "title": "Exploring Prejudice Toward Tinder: Two Experiments on the Social Perception of Dating App Users and Online-Formed Couples", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Sciara, Contu, Montano, Steffano & Pantaleo / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16050691", "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/16/5/691", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42193570/", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13203467/" ], "doi": "10.3390/bs16050691", "pmid": "42193570", "study_type": "two experiments with randomized platform/relationship-origin labels and observer evaluation", "sample": "Italy; Study 1 N=206 young single adults viewed the same profile labeled Facebook or Tinder and completed a 10-item Tinder-prejudice measure; Study 2 N=481 evaluated hypothetical couples described as meeting offline, on Facebook or on Tinder", "outcomes": "attention/dwell time, interpersonal attraction, positive/negative trait attribution, couple characterization and perceived willingness to disclose relationship origin", "key_result": "in Study 1, higher prejudice was linked to shorter attention to the Tinder-labeled profile and slightly more negative trait attribution, while the overall attraction effect was not a simple platform main effect; in Study 2, online-origin couples were judged more negatively than offline couples and Tinder-origin couples were seen as less willing to disclose their origin", "causal_inference": "limited yes for assigned labels in the defined hypothetical tasks; no for actual app use, relationship quality, discrimination prevalence, real disclosure behavior or a causal harm of Tinder use", "limitations": "convenience/young Italian samples, hypothetical profiles and couples, study-specific prejudice scale and observer judgments; not a match/reply rate, actual couple outcome, Japanese estimate, universal social stigma measure or personal-value assessment", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "MDPI, DOI, PubMed and PMC surfaces plus exact-title correction/retraction search checked 2026-08-14; no notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-14" }, { "id": "MET-011", "title": "Beauty vs. Vibe: Deconstructing visual appeal in online dating with large multimodal models", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Jang, Kwon & Park (KAIST) / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2025.108792", "https://pure.kaist.ac.kr/en/publications/beauty-vs-vibe-deconstructing-visual-appeal-in-online-dating-with" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.chb.2025.108792", "pmid": null, "study_type": "observational econometric analysis of platform data with LMM-extracted photo features; not an experiment", "sample": "10,619 users on a major South Korean heterosexual dating platform, each evaluated by at least 15 other users", "outcomes": "facial attractiveness; social attractiveness decomposed into social/economic/cultural capital signals from photos; matching success as outcome", "key_result": "both pathways predict matching success; facial attractiveness especially decisive for male profiles; positive social/cultural capital signals raise matches for both genders; visual wealth cues help men more than women; significant negative interaction — at very high facial attractiveness, adding strong capital signals yields diminishing returns (Two-Pathway Heuristic Model)", "causal_inference": "no; observational associations within one platform's matching system — the algorithm mediates exposure, LMM scores are model outputs rather than human perception, and no causal identification of feature effects is possible", "limitations": "single-country (South Korea), heterosexual-only platform, photo-only analysis (text ignored), LMM validity checked against benchmark human ratings but still a proxy; findings describe within-platform patterns and neither prescribe profile strategies nor rank users' worth", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "ScienceDirect abstract page and KAIST institutional repository record checked 2026-08-23 (title/authors/volume/DOI consistent); peer-reviewed journal article; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "MET-012", "title": "The relative importance of looks, height, job, bio, intelligence, and homophily in online dating: A conjoint analysis", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Witmer, Rosenbusch & Meral / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2024.100579", "https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/251503424/The_relative_importance_of_looks_height_job_bio_intelligence_and_homophily_in_online_dating.pdf" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.chbr.2024.100579", "pmid": null, "study_type": "preregistered conjoint field study: real dating-app users made 12 swipe decisions each over randomized profile triples varying attractiveness, intelligence, job, height, biography and homophily", "sample": "445 single German app users aged 18-35 (224 women, 221 men); 5,340 decisions total", "outcomes": "selection probability per attribute; homophily effects on selector-target similarity", "key_result": "one SD better physical attractiveness raised selection odds ~20% vs 2% for equal gains in intelligence; other attributes (height, bio, occupation, homophily) literature-consistent but 7-20x smaller than looks; men and women showed nearly identical attribute weights, contradicting common gender-difference claims; homophily effects small but present", "causal_inference": "yes for attribute-level causal effects within the simulated interface — randomized profiles isolate each trait's effect on swiping; no for real-market dynamics, long-term compatibility or actual relationship outcomes", "limitations": "AI-generated profile photos may not capture behavior with real photos; single-country young sample; initial-selection stage only (authors note this)", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "UvA open-access full text checked 2026-08-23 (N=445, 5,340 decisions, coefficients consistent); peer-reviewed Computers in Human Behavior Reports; preregistered analysis", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "MET-013", "title": "Preference Versus Choice in Online Dating", "year": 2017, "authors_year": "Hancock, Toma & Ellison (RSVP data) / 2017", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0528", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28263677/" ], "doi": "10.1089/cyber.2016.0528", "pmid": "28263677", "study_type": "large-scale observational comparison of stated partner preferences vs actual contact decisions on a national dating website", "sample": "219,013 contact decisions from Australian dating site RSVP", "outcomes": "number of matched variables between stated preferences and contacted individuals' characteristics; selector age, education, personality", "key_result": "actual contact decisions only partially aligned with stated preferences; older, more educated and more socially oriented participants made contacts matching more of their stated criteria; men matched fewer stated characteristics than women when contacting; among older selectors (late 60s) men became increasingly more selective than women — reversing the younger-age pattern", "causal_inference": "no — observational contact data; selection into the platform and unmeasured attributes confound; alignment measured as count of matched variables not utility", "limitations": "one country/platform; stated preferences self-reported; contact ≠ match outcome", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-age-labels-matching/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract checked 2026-08-23 (N=219,013 decisions, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking (journal per PubMed record)", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "MET-014", "title": "Collaborative Filtering for people-to-people recommendation in online dating: Data analysis and user trial", "year": 2015, "authors_year": "Krzywicki, Wobcke, Cai, Mahidadia, Kim, Bain & Compton / 2015", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2014.12.003" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.ijhcs.2014.12.003", "pmid": null, "study_type": "recommender-system evaluation: collaborative filtering vs baseline profile matching, assessed on historical interaction data then trialled live for 9 weeks via emailed recommendations", "sample": "large online dating site (historical data) plus live trial participants", "outcomes": "success rate improvement (chance of a successful interaction when acting on a recommendation)", "key_result": "collaborative filtering produced higher success-rate improvement than profile matching; over-recommending popular users was a key problem addressed with a two-stage recommender using a decision-tree 'critic' to re-rank candidates; live 9-week trial confirmed historical-data findings", "causal_inference": "yes for recommendation-level effects within this platform's trial — acting on CF recommendations raised success rates vs baseline matching; no for generalizability to other platforms' algorithms or long-term relationship outcomes", "limitations": "single platform; success metric defined by the site; algorithm details platform-specific", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "ScienceDirect/ACM records checked 2026-08-24 (design, 9-week trial, findings consistent); peer-reviewed International Journal of Human-Computer Studies", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "MET-015", "title": "What predicts first date success? A longitudinal study of modality switching in online dating", "year": 2017, "authors_year": "Sharabi / 2017", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12188" ], "doi": "10.1111/pere.12188", "pmid": null, "study_type": "longitudinal survey around real first dates with online-dating partners; participants' actual site messages also analyzed", "sample": "N=186 surveyed before first date; N=94 surveyed again after meeting in person", "outcomes": "first date success; online impressions; relational dynamics; actual message features", "key_result": "first-date success was predictable from features of online impressions and relational dynamics — the switch from online to offline is a transition whose outcome relates to what happened before it; actual exchanged messages provided behavioral evidence beyond self-report", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — longitudinal observation of self-selected daters; success defined by participants' own reports", "limitations": "single-country sample; attrition between waves; success measure self-reported", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "Wiley abstract checked 2026-08-24 (Ns, design, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Personal Relationships", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "MET-016", "title": "Dating apps and marriage rates", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Jung, Lusher / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2026.112873" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.econlet.2026.112873", "pmid": null, "study_type": "event-study econometric analysis using Google search intensity for \"Tinder\" as a proxy for platform exposure; Current Population Survey individual-level data", "sample": "US adults aged 21-35 (CPS samples)", "outcomes": "marriage rates; marriage outcomes by subgroup", "key_result": "no effect found on overall marriage rates from Tinder diffusion (null result per authors); the study tests — and does not confirm — the popular claim that dating apps raise or reshape aggregate marriage outcomes", "causal_inference": "quasi-experimental exposure proxy rather than randomized assignment; search intensity is an imperfect exposure measure; ages 21-35 and US context only; null results bound effects within this design", "limitations": "single-country CPS data; proxy-based exposure may attenuate effects", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "ScienceDirect official result surface and bounded exact-title/DOI search checked 2026-09-08: Economics Letters 262 (March 2026), article 112873, CC BY/open access, authors and abstract consistent; direct article fetch remained 403, so no separate correction/retraction certification is claimed", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "BIAS-001", "title": "Matching and Sorting in Online Dating", "year": 2010, "authors_year": "Hitsch, Hortaçsu, Ariely / 2010", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.100.1.130" ], "doi": "10.1257/aer.100.1.130", "pmid": null, "study_type": "observational platform-data study with structural matching model", "sample": "users of a major online dating service; detailed attributes, choice sets, and interactions", "outcomes": "mate preferences, contacts, replies, service-defined matches, sorting patterns, Gale–Shapley counterfactuals", "key_result": "observed online sorting patterns were broadly consistent with estimated preferences and the model; online data can reveal choice-set behavior", "causal_inference": "no; the service is not a randomized population sample and offline extrapolation requires assumptions and reweighting", "limitations": "platform cohort, search environment, unobserved preferences, and the paper’s operational match definition; long-term relationships are not directly observed", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher / AEA search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "BIAS-002", "title": "One-Way Mirrors in Online Dating: A Randomized Field Experiment", "year": 2016, "authors_year": "Bapna, Ramaprasad, Shmueli, Umyarov / 2016", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2301" ], "doi": "10.1287/mnsc.2015.2301", "pmid": null, "study_type": "randomized field experiment", "sample": "100,000 randomly selected new users on a major North American site; 50,000 received anonymous browsing and 50,000 were controls", "outcomes": "profile views, weak signals, messages, matches, match quality", "key_result": "anonymous browsing increased viewing but removed a visible weak signal and causally reduced matches; the reduction was not offset by higher match quality", "causal_inference": "yes for the assigned anonymity feature and the study’s defined outcomes", "limitations": "one site, historical feature, new-user experiment, platform-specific match definition; no claim about intrinsic attractiveness or long-term relationships", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher / repository search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "BIAS-003", "title": "The Secret to Finding a Match: A Field Experiment on Choice Capacity Design in an Online Dating Platform", "year": 2021, "authors_year": "Jung, Lim, Lee, Kim / 2021", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2021.1028", "https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/10.1287/isre.2021.1028" ], "doi": "10.1287/isre.2021.1028", "pmid": null, "study_type": "randomized field experiment", "sample": "6,327 users aged 24–34 in the same South Korean metropolitan area, active in the prior 7 days; four groups, three-day experiment", "outcomes": "choice capacity, viewing, choices, chats, matches, engagement", "key_result": "increasing choice capacity affected engagement and matching differently; the male-choice group produced the most choices while the female-choice group produced the most matches in this setting", "causal_inference": "yes for the assigned choice-capacity design and study outcomes", "limitations": "one platform, short experiment, heterosexual grouping, selected age/geography/active-user sample; results do not establish universal preference or relationship effects", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher / INFORMS search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "BIAS-004", "title": "The Impact of Dating Apps on Young Adults: Evidence from Tinder", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Büyükeren, Makarin & Xiong / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20240455", "https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/app.20240455", "https://doi.org/10.3886/E218862V1" ], "doi": "10.1257/app.20240455", "pmid": null, "study_type": "quasi-experimental difference-in-differences study", "sample": "U.S. college-student survey covering 2008-09 to 2019-06; more than 1.1 million responses; identifies exposure using Tinder’s initial Greek-organization marketing focus and compares pre/post launch outcomes across Greek affiliation, with spillover analyses", "outcomes": "frequency of sexual activity, long-term relationship formation, relationship quality, dating-outcome inequality, sexual-assault and STD rates, and mental-health outcomes", "key_result": "the AEA abstract reports a sharp persistent increase in sexual activity, little corresponding change in long-term relationship formation or quality, increased dating-outcome inequality especially among men, higher sexual-assault and STD rates, and no average mental-health worsening with possible improvement for female students", "causal_inference": "partially; the design identifies average associations attributable to the defined launch/affiliation comparison more strongly than a simple cross-sectional user comparison, but it is not random individual app assignment and does not establish a universal app effect", "limitations": "U.S. college students and early Tinder expansion; historical 2008–2019 setting, campus/Greek-affiliation identification, platform-specific exposure and outcome definitions; cannot be read as a Japan estimate, all-app result, individual prediction or personal-value score", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "Q", "correction_retraction_check": "AEA, OpenICPSR and DOI surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced in the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "BIAS-005", "title": "Popularity Feedback and Adaptation Strategies in Online Dating: A Social Comparison Perspective", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Shi, Huang & Ramaprasad / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2024/17861", "https://aisel.aisnet.org/misq/vol49/iss2/9/" ], "doi": "10.25300/misq/2024/17861", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two randomized field experiments in collaboration with an online dating service provider", "sample": "online dating service users; the official AIS abstract checked here does not report a pooled N or identify the service", "outcomes": "comparative and absolute popularity feedback, selectivity calibration, profile modification/self-marketing, and gendered adaptation", "key_result": "comparative low-popularity feedback increased self-marketing and lowered selectivity while high-popularity feedback moved in the opposite direction; men adapted more and women showed more persistent behavior; absolute popularity feedback produced no significant changes", "causal_inference": "yes for the assigned feedback conditions and defined post-feedback behavior outcomes; not for intrinsic popularity, match success, relationships or value", "limitations": "service/platform and feedback design; no N or service name on the checked official abstract; gender categories and study measures are paper-specific; no long-term or outside-Japan estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted AIS eLibrary, DOI and web search on 2026-08-13 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "BIAS-006", "title": "Re-examining relational pursuit and mate selection in online dating", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Hu & Markowitz / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075261429319", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/02654075261429319", "https://osf.io/xmr4q/overview?view_only=cf508121ec744844b673b84a5f831fc0", "https://osf.io/3c8de/overview?view_only=f445d123665a40f187912db3d3193658" ], "doi": "10.1177/02654075261429319", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two preregistered controlled profile-selection experiments", "sample": "Study 1 N=193 and Study 2 N=342; participants chose one date from 31 profiles in the high-option condition or 6 profiles in the low-option condition; the checked SAGE abstract does not identify a platform or country", "outcomes": "option quantity, relational-pursuit intention with the chosen match, match compatibility and perceived similarity", "key_result": "high-option participants reported greater relational pursuit with their chosen match than low-option participants; compatibility or similarity mediated the effect; the authors state that the option-quantity effect remains less certain than previously considered", "causal_inference": "yes for the assigned option quantity and the defined relational-pursuit outcome in these experiments; no for real-app matches, replies, relationship formation or long-term commitment", "limitations": "controlled profile task and study-specific self-reported outcome; no actual platform exposure or long-term outcome on the checked abstract surface; platform/country details are not exposed in the abstract; two-study context limits generalization", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted SAGE, DOI, OSF links and exact-title search on 2026-08-13 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "BIAS-007", "title": "Dating apps and marriage rates", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Jung & Lusher / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2026.112873", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165176526000674" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.econlet.2026.112873", "pmid": null, "study_type": "event-study / difference-in-differences analysis using regional Google Trends exposure and individual CPS data", "sample": "U.S. adults aged 21–35; baseline N=756,929; state/metropolitan variation in Tinder search intensity", "outcomes": "Tinder search intensity, marriage rate, first-marriage timing, divorce/separation, and heterogeneity by market sex ratio/thickness", "key_result": "no overall marriage-rate or first-marriage-timing effect; divorce/separation moved in an increasing-association direction; marriage-related results concentrated in male-heavy, thin markets", "causal_inference": "no; regional search intensity is an exposure proxy, not randomized individual app use, and the design does not establish an individual divorce risk or universal app effect", "limitations": "U.S. CPS and Google Trends measures, ages 21–35, paper-specific marriage/divorce definitions, area-level exposure and historical context; not a Japan estimate, all-app result, individual forecast or personal-value score", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "Q", "correction_retraction_check": "ScienceDirect official result surface and bounded exact-title/DOI search checked 2026-09-08: Economics Letters 262 (March 2026), article 112873, CC BY/open access, authors and abstract consistent; direct article fetch remained 403, so no separate correction/retraction certification is claimed", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-001", "title": "Understanding the sexual concerns of older women presenting for care to women’s health clinics: a cross-sectional study", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Karam et al. / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000002617", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40794483/" ], "doi": "10.1097/GME.0000000000002617", "pmid": "40794483", "study_type": "cross-sectional clinical-care study", "sample": "3,465 sexually active women aged 50+ seen at Mayo Clinic women’s health clinics in Rochester, Scottsdale, and Jacksonville from 2015-05 to 2022-08; compared 50–64 with 65+", "outcomes": "FSFI, FSDS-R, self-reported loss of desire, genital sensation, dryness, pain, arousal, orgasm, and FSD definition", "key_result": "older women reported loss of sexual desire less often than midlife women (33.4% vs 47.6%) and had lower sexual distress; total FSFI and combined FSD prevalence were not statistically clearly different", "causal_inference": "no; care-seeking cross-sectional sample, self-report, and sexually active eligibility do not establish age effects", "limitations": "not a population prevalence estimate; FSFI validation and FSD definition have activity and distress requirements; not Japan-specific", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / PubMed / Menopause Society source search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-002", "title": "Sexual Response Problems and Their Correlates Among Older Adults From the Sexual Well-Being (SWELL) Study in China: Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Liang et al. / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.2196/66772", "https://aging.jmir.org/2025/1/e66772", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40311125/" ], "doi": "10.2196/66772", "pmid": "40311125", "study_type": "multicenter cross-sectional study", "sample": "1,317 sexually active adults over 50 in China, including 475 women and 842 men; face-to-face data collected 2020-06 to 2022-12", "outcomes": "lack of interest or enjoyment, anxiety, pain, arousal, orgasm, lubrication, and correlates of at least one sexual response problem", "key_result": "52.0% of women reported at least one sexual response problem; among women, lack of physical exercise, poor sex-partner relationships, and depressive symptoms were associated with problems", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional associations and selected sexually active sample", "limitations": "composite outcome is broader than low desire; China sample and self-report limit transfer to Japan or all women", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / JMIR / PubMed search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-003", "title": "Successful sexual aging: conceptualization and Bi-Country (Croatia and Germany) measure validation", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Štulhofer et al. / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05899-5", "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12877-025-05899-5" ], "doi": "10.1186/s12877-025-05899-5", "pmid": null, "study_type": "conceptualization and psychometric validation study", "sample": "Croatia: 200 partnered adults aged 65+; Germany: 442 partnered and 971 non-partnered adults aged 65+; online community samples", "outcomes": "9-item Successful Sexual Aging Scale with acceptance, adaptation, and opportunities for sexual expression; links with satisfaction, health, isolation, and psychological indicators", "key_result": "the measure showed acceptable validity and age/gender invariance patterns in older partnered groups; scores were associated with sexual and general well-being measures", "causal_inference": "no; validation and observational associations do not establish causal pathways or a universal standard of successful aging", "limitations": "culturally limited European samples, educated participants overrepresented, self-report, and weaker subscale reliability in some groups", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / Springer article search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-004", "title": "Determinants of the Sexual Attitudes, Gender Perceptions, and Quality of Sexual Life of Elderly Women", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Dağ / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-025-01140-5", "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13178-025-01140-5" ], "doi": "10.1007/s13178-025-01140-5", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional survey with multiple regression", "sample": "356 women aged 65+ living in Gediz District, Kütahya, Türkiye; data collected 2023-10 to 2024-01", "outcomes": "Sexual Attitude Scale for Elderly People, Gender Relations Scale, Women’s Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire", "key_result": "sexual attitudes and sexual QOL were moderate on average; a model including age, education, marital status, attitudes, and gender relations explained 38.0% of QOL score variance", "causal_inference": "no; regression associations are not causal effects or individual scores", "limitations": "single district, researcher-developed measures and local socioeconomic context limit generalization", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / Springer article and author PDF search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-005", "title": "Is concurrent training effective in the symptomatology of menopause, depression, sexual function, and the aging perspective of women during menopause? A randomised clinical trial", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Scarpel et al. / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.5114/pm.2025.150142", "https://www.termedia.pl/Is-concurrent-training-effective-in-the-symptomatology-of-menopause-depression-sexual-function-and-the-aging-perspective-of-women-during-menopause-A-randomised-clinical-trial%2C4%2C56036%2C0%2C1.html" ], "doi": "10.5114/pm.2025.150142", "pmid": null, "study_type": "randomized clinical trial", "sample": "47 menopausal women randomized to concurrent-training intervention n=23 or control n=24; 4-month intervention in Brazil", "outcomes": "MRS, HADS, FSFI, and Sheppard aging-perspective inventory", "key_result": "authors reported improved sexual-function domains including desire, lubrication, satisfaction, and total FSFI in the intervention analysis", "causal_inference": "yes for the assigned program and defined outcomes in this small trial; not a universal treatment effect", "limitations": "small sample, exercise intervention could not be blinded, self-report outcomes, short duration, and population/program specificity", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "targeted DOI / publisher / PMC search on 2026-08-12 found no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-006", "title": "Determinants of older married women’s sexual satisfaction: the mediating role of intimacy", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Bagheri, Abolfathi Momtaz, Foroughan & Mohammadi Shahboulaghi / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1093/jsxmed/qdaf104", "https://academic.oup.com/jsm/article/22/7/1216/8151844" ], "doi": "10.1093/jsxmed/qdaf104", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional survey with regression and structural equation modeling", "sample": "418 married women aged 60–80 in Tehran; multi-stage random sampling; individual interviews", "outcomes": "Global Measure of Sexual Satisfaction, FSFI, SF-8, intimacy, importance of sexuality", "key_result": "sexual functioning (β=.26) and importance of sexuality (β=.28) were among the strongest correlates of satisfaction; the model reported intimacy as a mediator for several paths", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional mediation models do not establish temporal order or intervention effects", "limitations": "community married-women sample excludes people without spouses and care-institution residents; Tehran and cultural context limit generalization; not a Japanese estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI/Oxford Academic surface checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-007", "title": "A qualitative study on the unmet sexual needs of older women", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Saadatmand, Savabi-Esfahani, Heidari & Beigi / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01478-1", "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-01478-1", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40350525/" ], "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-01478-1", "pmid": "40350525", "study_type": "qualitative inductive content analysis", "sample": "22 married Iranian women aged 60+ and 7 sexual-health providers; purposive maximum-diversity sampling; interviews collected 2023-11 to 2024-01", "outcomes": "unmet sexual needs, privacy, dignity, empowerment, role conflict, health-service access", "key_result": "110 primary codes were organized into respect for sexuality, empowerment for sexuality, and development of sexual-health services", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative accounts provide contextual themes, not frequency, prevalence, or treatment-effect estimates", "limitations": "no participants over 75, unmarried, childless or in second marriages; Iranian married-women context and purposive recruitment limit transferability", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI/Nature/PubMed surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-008", "title": "The Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Consultation on Sexual Satisfaction and Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Heydarpour, Khoshandam, Jalali & Salari / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71722", "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hsr2.71722", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12772978/", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41503544/" ], "doi": "10.1002/hsr2.71722", "pmid": "41503544", "study_type": "randomized controlled trial, 1:1 group cognitive-behavioral consultation versus routine care", "sample": "70 postmenopausal women in Kermanshah, Iran; 35 intervention and 35 control; eligibility stated as ages 47–57; recruited June–October 2018; all 70 completed", "outcomes": "MENQOL and Women's Sexual Satisfaction Scale before and one month after; eight weekly 70–90 minute group sessions; Iranian trial registration IRCT2017052814333N75", "key_result": "authors reported between-group post-intervention differences in sexual satisfaction and quality of life (both p=.001); exact age mean/SD values are not reused because the table values appear inconsistent with the stated eligibility range", "causal_inference": "randomized assignment supports an intervention comparison for the defined program and short follow-up; no; it does not establish long-term effects, universal treatment benefit, or individual response", "limitations": "single-city Iranian sample, 2018 recruitment, one-month follow-up, no participant/researcher blinding, quota sampling of health-center lists, and apparent age-table reporting inconsistency; correction status should be monitored", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "Wiley, PMC and PubMed surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction notice found in the checked surfaces; keep the age-table issue explicit", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-009", "title": "Sexual Knowledge, Attitudes, and Motivational Factors Associated with Sexual Activity in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Estruch-García, Gil-Llario & Satorres / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe16060077", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42346047/", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13298553/" ], "doi": "10.3390/ejihpe16060077", "pmid": "42346047", "study_type": "cross-sectional study with descriptive analyses, group comparisons and hierarchical logistic regression", "sample": "186 adults aged 65–88 recruited through community centres in Spain; non-probability/convenience sample; study includes both women and men", "outcomes": "Aging Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Scale (ASKAS); sexual motivation, behaviours and satisfaction; partnered eroto-genital activity during the previous six months", "key_result": "participants showed relatively adequate knowledge and generally favorable attitudes with persistent misconceptions; affective behaviors were more frequent than eroto-genital practices; the partnered-activity group had higher knowledge, more positive attitudes, greater perceived importance of sexuality and higher satisfaction; age, gender, attitudes and perceived importance of sex were significant predictors, with perceived importance showing the strongest association", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional group differences and regression predictors do not establish causal direction or a universal prevalence/risk estimate", "limitations": "Spanish community sample, non-probability recruitment, self-report, and a partnered eroto-genital activity outcome that does not represent all sexuality, intimacy, desire or sexual opportunity; not a Japan estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed, PMC and DOI surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced in the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-010", "title": "Change of sexual activity and its relation to the quality of life in older people: Cognition of Older People, Education, Recreational Activities, NutritIon, Comorbidities, fUnctional Capacity Studies (COPERNICUS)", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Kujawska, Kujawski, Hajek, Pedroso-Chaparro, Husejko, Hajec, Zalewski & Kędziora-Kornatowska / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2026.109040", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378512226002173", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42391932/" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.maturitas.2026.109040", "pmid": "42391932", "study_type": "two-year longitudinal observational study with ANCOVA adjustment and nested models", "sample": "199 older adults in Poland; 80% female; mean age 69.73 (SD 6); sexual-activity change and follow-up quality of life were assessed over two years", "outcomes": "WHO Quality of Life scale overall and domain scores; sexual activity continuation versus cessation; covariates included baseline scores, demographic factors, marital-status change, self-rated health and depression", "key_result": "overall QOL did not show a statistically clear two-year change (p=.3); cessation of sexual activity was associated with lower follow-up Social Relationships (p=.006) and Environmental (p=.007) domain scores after adjustment; nested models excluding health/depression changes retained the associations", "causal_inference": "no; longitudinal observational timing is informative but not randomization and cannot establish that cessation caused the domain changes or exclude reverse causality/residual confounding", "limitations": "Polish sample with 80% women, N=199, two-year follow-up and study-specific activity/QOL definitions; not a Japanese estimate, universal prevalence, personal prognosis or norm that sexual activity should continue", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "Maturitas, PubMed and DOI surfaces checked 2026-08-13; no correction/retraction notice surfaced in the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-011", "title": "Addressing Older Adults' Sexual Health Needs in Regional Primary Care: A Qualitative Study of Barriers and Enablers", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Bourchier, Ware, Temple-Smith, Hocking, Tomnay & Malta / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/ajr.70183", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41928420/", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13047243/", "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ajr.70183" ], "doi": "10.1111/ajr.70183", "pmid": "41928420", "study_type": "qualitative content analysis of semi-structured interviews", "sample": "regional Victoria, Australia; 9 older adults aged 60–87 (5 women, 4 men) and 8 primary-care clinicians (6 GPs, 2 practice nurses; 4 women, 4 men); interviews July–December 2024; the abstract says all five Victorian regions were represented while the participant table shows four of five regions", "outcomes": "frequency and context of sexual-health conversations, barriers, regional context and enablers for older adults and clinicians", "key_result": "conversations were rare/ad hoc; barriers included low knowledge/priority, stigma or conservative attitudes, small-community privacy concerns, staff turnover, cost/time and structural access; enablers included telehealth, routine-care inclusion such as 75+ health checks, clinician training and health promotion", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative interviews do not estimate prevalence or test the causal effect of access interventions", "limitations": "opt-in/small sample, regional Australian context, older-adult and clinician perspectives, more GPs than practice nurses, mostly Caucasian sample; not a Japanese access estimate, universal clinician behavior or evaluated intervention; recommendations are author proposals", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed, PMC, Wiley, DOI and exact-title correction/retraction checks on 2026-08-13 found no correction/retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-13" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-012", "title": "Exploring Sexual Expression, Intimacy Needs, and Barriers in Older Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Pansexual, and Queer Individuals: A Qualitative Study", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Pereira, Teixeira, Wendt & Alckmin-Carvalho / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275261440824", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/01640275261440824", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41906545/" ], "doi": "10.1177/01640275261440824", "pmid": "41906545", "study_type": "phenomenological qualitative study with semi-structured interviews and theoretically informed thematic analysis", "sample": "40 LGBTPQ adults living in Portugal; official abstract reports ages 64–83, methods state an eligibility threshold of 65+, results state 65–83 and the participant table includes one 64-year-old; purposive and snowball recruitment through community organizations, senior centers and online channels", "outcomes": "sexual expression, intimacy, barriers, support/coping; frameworks included queer gerontology, intersectionality and critical sexuality studies; three meta-themes covered later-life intimacy, social/structural/interpersonal barriers, and coping/resilience/support systems", "key_result": "participants described intimacy beyond sexual activity, identity affirmation, internalized shame, ageism, healthcare invisibility, isolation, historical HIV/AIDS loss, chosen families, alternative relationships and calls for affirming policies/competent care", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative purposive interviews do not establish Japanese prevalence, clinical health effects, universal LGBTPQ experience or intervention effects", "limitations": "Portugal-specific context, purposive/snowball selection, uneven subgroup representation, race/ethnicity/SES not systematically assessed, retrospective self-report and mode differences; preserve the source's age-range discrepancy and do not treat themes as a population rate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE, DOI, PubMed and exact-title/DOI correction-retraction searches checked 2026-08-14; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-14" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-013", "title": "Sexual Inactivity in Japan: A Scoping Review", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Ueda, Toki, Nomura, Pacher, Ghaznavi & Sakamoto / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2025.2564192", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41036830/" ], "doi": "10.1080/00224499.2025.2564192", "pmid": "41036830", "study_type": "scoping review", "sample": "38 publications in English and Japanese comprising 43 surveys published or covered from 1974 through 2024-09-15; review targets population-based evidence on sexual inexperience, sexual inactivity and related variables", "outcomes": "sexual inexperience/inactivity, sexual desire, interest in sexual relationships, sexual orientation and identities, sexual dysfunction, commercial sex use, and variation in survey definitions", "key_result": "the review abstract reports increasing sexual inexperience, around half remaining inexperienced into the mid-twenties and approximately 10% without sexual experience in their thirties; it also reports high/increasing sexual inactivity based on less reliable data and substantial variation in sexual-desire measures", "causal_inference": "no; a scoping review of heterogeneous surveys does not establish a causal age effect, current universal prevalence, individual desire, or a personal forecast", "limitations": "1974–2024 coverage, heterogeneous denominators and definitions, most data on heterosexual inexperience, and lower reliability for some inactivity findings; not an older-women aging study or a current national rate; direct Taylor & Francis full-text access returned 403 in this session", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "T", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed/DOI surfaces checked 2026-08-14; direct Taylor & Francis full-text link returned 403 in this session, so no separate correction-status certification is claimed", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-14" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-014", "title": "“The Shop Is Not Closed”: Sex and Sexuality Among Older Adult Daters", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Harris & Melanson / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2026.2614315", "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00224499.2026.2614315", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41626950/" ], "doi": "10.1080/00224499.2026.2614315", "pmid": "41626950", "study_type": "qualitative study with semi-structured interviews", "sample": "50 single women and 50 single men aged 60–83 (average 66.8 women, 65.6 men), all active users of online dating platforms; recruited for a study of the older-adult dating market", "outcomes": "framing of sexual desire, importance of sexual activity in romantic relationships, adaptation to age-related physical changes, partner-availability concerns", "key_result": "97% emphasized the importance of sex in a romantic relationship and 72% would not pursue a relationship without sexual activity; participants recognized aging-related functional changes but treated them as manageable rather than insurmountable, describing adaptation via medical support, redefined intimacy or adjusted expectations; limited partner availability, especially for women in older age groups, was a reported structural challenge", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative interview themes from a self-selected dating-platform sample do not establish prevalence, causality or group differences", "limitations": "qualitative design with online-dater sample only (not the general older population), self-reported themes, US context; percentages describe this interview sample, not older adults at large; findings do not measure relationship quality outcomes, app-design effects or personal value", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Taylor & Francis lists this as a Research Article published online 2026-02-02 and assigned to The Journal of Sex Research 63(8):1521–1533; PubMed confirms the same Epub date and issue/pages; direct publisher retrieval returned 403 in this check; bounded exact-title/DOI search surfaced no correction or retraction notice", "source_checked_date": "2026-02-02" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-015", "title": "Changes in Older Adults’ Sexual Expression: A Latent Transition Analysis", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Lyons & Warner / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2025.2542458", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40864512/" ], "doi": "10.1080/00224499.2025.2542458", "pmid": "40864512", "study_type": "longitudinal latent transition analysis of national panel data", "sample": "2,245 partnered and unpartnered heterosexual older adults aged 57–85 from the US NSHAP, Waves 1–2", "outcomes": "five sexual-expression statuses combining activity, desire and motivation: sexually active, limited, frustrated, longing, disinterested; transition probabilities; gender differences", "key_result": "statuses were dynamic rather than fixed: sexually active persisted at .63, disinterested at .91, and a nontrivial share moved toward more engaged statuses while desire was retained; men were more often sexually active (32%) or frustrated (24%), women more often disinterested (46%); most transitions reflected decreases with age", "causal_inference": "no; longitudinal descriptive transitions in a US panel do not establish that aging causes status change or that change is universal", "limitations": "US national panel of heterosexual respondents 57–85 measured about five years apart; status labels are analytic constructs, not diagnoses; findings describe population-level movement between statuses, not individual trajectories, treatment effects or personal value", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher DOI page live (full text bot-blocked this session); PAA 2019 conference version of the same analysis checked for method/results detail 2026-08-22; PubMed 40864512 exists; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-22" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-016", "title": "Fertility awareness in 97,414 women trying to conceive: gaps, misconceptions, and implications for reproductive education", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Wainwright, Ali, Lawrie, Getreu, O’Neill et al. / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-025-02079-x", "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12978-025-02079-x" ], "doi": "10.1186/s12978-025-02079-x", "pmid": null, "study_type": "retrospective cross-sectional analysis of an online health assessment with chi-squared tests and logistic regression", "sample": "97,414 women actively trying to conceive (TTC), UK context, self-selected respondents to an online assessment", "outcomes": "knowledge of the fertile window; cycle regularity accuracy; associations with previous pregnancy, cycle irregularity, ethnicity, age group, time TTC", "key_result": "41% (33,756) could not accurately identify the fertile window; previous pregnancy predicted better knowledge (OR=1.45); knowledge lower with irregular cycles, non-White ethnicity, younger age groups, longer time TTC; among women describing cycles as regular, 10% did not know their cycle length and 2.9% fell outside the clinically regular 21–35 day range; misidentifying cycle regularity tripled odds of not knowing the fertile window (OR=2.99)", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report in a self-selected online sample measures knowledge gaps, not conception outcomes or the biology of reproductive aging", "limitations": "online-assessment respondents are not a population-representative sample; UK-specific service context; knowledge questions measure recall of education, not actual fecundity; findings neither rank women's bodies nor support any market-value reading of fertility — the study is about education needs", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Semantic Scholar API record checked 2026-08-23 (title/authors/venue/year consistent with Springer page); Springer Open article live; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-017", "title": "Dating in Later Life: Do the Advantages of Age Depend on the Relational Context?", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Neff & Beer / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672251332763" ], "doi": "10.1177/01461672251332763", "pmid": null, "study_type": "21-day daily diary study with multilevel modeling; married vs newly dating couples compared on negative affect, physical symptoms and relationship satisfaction on high-tension days", "sample": "282 individuals (married and dating couples) aged 30-88, US", "outcomes": "daily negative affect reactivity; physical health symptom reactivity; relational (satisfaction) reactivity to partner tensions", "key_result": "among married couples age showed no reactivity advantage; among dating couples older individuals showed GREATER emotional distress (women) and physical health problems on tension days than younger counterparts — the usual wisdom-of-age advantage reversed in new relationships; authors note heightened sensitivity might even help exit poor matches faster", "causal_inference": "no causal claims about age itself — observational diary design with self-selection into marriage/dating; within-person tension-day contrasts are strong but group composition is not randomized", "limitations": "single-country sample; relatively advantaged population per authors; gender effects limited to emotional domain", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE full text via journals.sagepub.com checked 2026-08-23 (N=282 ages 30-88, 21-day diary, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 52(7); no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-018", "title": "Intimacy Promotes Couples' Sexual Well-Being on a Daily Basis and Over One Year: The Role of Positive Sexual Cues", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Bergeron, Vaillancourt-Morel, Péloquin & Rosen / 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-024-02912-7", "https://saillab.ca/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Intimacy.pdf" ], "doi": "10.1007/s10508-024-02912-7", "pmid": null, "study_type": "dyadic 35-day diary plus 12-month follow-up; intimacy on days of partnered sexual activity linked to attention to positive sexual cues and sexual well-being", "sample": "211 cohabiting community couples (mean age 30.2; 75 sexually diverse couples); 13,134 diary entries; 1,750 matched sex days; 195 couples at follow-up", "outcomes": "daily intimacy; attention to positive sexual cues; sexual desire, satisfaction, distress (same day and 12 months)", "key_result": "greater daily intimacy associated with more attention to positive sexual cues for both partners, which was in turn associated with greater same-day desire and satisfaction and lower distress; a person's own higher cues carried their own 12-month gains via their own intimacy — no cross-partner effects on the partner's outcomes", "causal_inference": "partly — prospective diary design reduces recall bias but intimacy is self-selected and not manipulated; mediation is model-based", "limitations": "cohabiting community couples only; separated couples excluded from follow-up analyses (16 couples); self-report measures throughout", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher PDF via SAIL lab checked 2026-08-23 (Ns, design, findings consistent with Archives of Sexual Behavior record); peer-reviewed; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-019", "title": "Evidence for the causal relationship between age at first sexual intercourse and multidimensional aging phenotypes from a full life cycle perspective: A mendelian randomization study", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Wang, He, Yu, Shao, Wei, Xu, Qi, Wang, Li, Ren & Sun (Shandong University) / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hcr.2026.100064" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.hcr.2026.100064", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two-sample Mendelian randomization with genetic instruments for age at first sexual intercourse; two-step mediation analysis across aging phenotypes", "sample": "GWAS summary data; European-ancestry genetic data primarily", "outcomes": "aging-genetically independent phenotypes; longevity; parental lifespan; frailty index; healthspan; self-rated health; 145 candidate mediators", "key_result": "genetic tendency to earlier first intercourse associated with less favorable aging profile (β=0.42), lower longevity odds (OR=1.41 per direction), higher frailty, shorter healthspan, worse self-rated health; 34 exploratory mediators identified incl. frailty index, miserableness, COPD, ADHD", "causal_inference": "partial and heavily caveated — MR estimates causal directions under instrument assumptions; effect sizes are population-level genetic tendencies, not individual predictions or behavioral prescriptions; authors note European-ancestry limitation", "limitations": "MR assumptions unverifiable directly; exploratory mediators not confirmed causally; journal is new (Healthcare and Rehabilitation, Elsevier); no individual-level counseling use", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "Q", "correction_retraction_check": "Publisher full text via journal.hep.com.cn checked 2026-08-23 (design, statistics, conclusions consistent with EurekAlert release); peer-reviewed MR study; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-020", "title": "Navigating digital dating: Experiences and perceptions of mid- and later-life adults", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Hertzog, Hill & Simon / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1002/jey2.70004" ], "doi": "10.1002/jey2.70004", "pmid": null, "study_type": "secondary analysis of Pew Research Center American Trends Panel Wave 111 (2022); perceptions of dating tech effectiveness, risk experiences and protective-policy attitudes by gender, age cohort and adoption status", "sample": "US adults 30+ overall (n=4,316); digital dating adopters (n=1,185); cohorts 30-49 / 50-64 / 65+", "outcomes": "perceived effectiveness of online dating; negative experiences; harassment and scam fears; support for background checks", "key_result": "perceptions mixed; adults 65+ more likely to view online dating as effective in finding a partner than younger cohorts; women across all age groups report more negative experiences; harassment and scams prevalent — nearly half of users reported negative experiences, just over half feared being scammed; majority support background-check requirements", "causal_inference": "no — descriptive survey of self-reported perceptions and experiences; selection into dating-tech use unaddressed", "limitations": "US only; Pew panel data (probability-based but English/Spanish online); cross-sectional", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "Semantic Scholar record with abstract checked 2026-08-23 (Ns, cohorts, findings consistent with Wiley page); peer-reviewed Journal of Elder Policy / Wiley; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-021", "title": "Are Couples More Satisfied When They Match in Sexual Desire? New Insights From Response Surface Analyses", "year": 2021, "authors_year": "Kim, Muise, Barranti, Mark, Rosen, Harasymchuk & Impett / 2021", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550620926770" ], "doi": "10.1177/1948550620926770", "pmid": null, "study_type": "dyadic response surface analysis testing whether desire matching uniquely predicts satisfaction, beyond each partner's overall desire level", "sample": "366 couples", "outcomes": "sexual desire (both partners); relationship satisfaction; sexual satisfaction", "key_result": "NO support for a unique matching effect: higher desire itself — not correspondence between partners — predicted relationship and sexual satisfaction; prior discrepancy findings partly artifacts of difference-score methods that ignore overall levels; authors recommend focusing on sustaining desire and navigating differences rather than promoting matching", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — cross-sectional dyadic data; response surface method corrects prior methodological artifact but does not establish direction", "limitations": "couples only; cross-sectional; mostly North American samples typical of this literature", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE abstract checked 2026-08-24 (N=366 couples, response-surface findings consistent); peer-reviewed Social Psychological and Personality Science", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-022", "title": "What Friendship Characteristics Are Associated With Well-Being Among Unpartnered Individuals in the United States?", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Hu, Holmstrom, Pennington & Hall / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.70012" ], "doi": "10.1111/pere.70012", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two quota-sample surveys examining how 10 theoretically derived friendship characteristics relate to well-being among single adults", "sample": "US single adults: N=552 (2022) and N=391 (2023), quota samples representative by age/gender/ethnicity/region", "outcomes": "loneliness; companionship; life satisfaction; structural integration; perceived support availability; communication", "key_result": "greater general friendship satisfaction associated with better well-being in both samples; more adaptable friendship networks also better; friendship dissolution related to higher loneliness; perceived support availability tied to companionship in both samples but inconsistently with other outcomes; models explained 24-36% of variance — dynamically managing a satisfying network mattered more than having many friends or a close-knit group", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — cross-sectional quota samples; direction between friendships and well-being not established", "limitations": "US only; non-probability quota panels; self-reports throughout", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Wiley full text checked 2026-08-24 (Ns per sample, measures, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Personal Relationships journal; replication design across two samples", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-023", "title": "Enjoyment of Sexuality and Longevity in Late Midlife and Older Adults: The Longitudinal Ageing Study Amsterdam", "year": 2022, "authors_year": "Beerepoot, Luesken, Huisman & Deeg / 2022", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/07334648221078852" ], "doi": "10.1177/07334648221078852", "pmid": null, "study_type": "27-year prospective follow-up of a population-based aging panel; enjoyment of sexuality vs realized probability of dying, with perceived importance as moderator", "sample": "1,042 Dutch participants aged 55-84 at baseline with complete data (LASA cohort)", "outcomes": "enjoyment of sexuality; perceived importance of sexuality; longevity (Realized Probability of Dying); health/psychosocial covariates", "key_result": "overall enjoyment-longevity association weak and not significant; among those perceiving sexuality as IMPORTANT, higher enjoyment predicted longer survival — equivalent to about 7 years' difference in life expectancy between very unpleasant and very pleasant ratings at age 65; no association among those rating sexuality unimportant; covariates (positive affect, functional limitations, emotional loneliness, self-rated health, mastery, alcohol) accounted for 35% of the association", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — observational survival analysis with self-selection into enjoyment/importance; conditional association only", "limitations": "single-country Dutch cohort; baseline sexuality measures only; small subgroup reporting important-but-not-enjoyable (5.4%)", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE full text checked 2026-08-24 (N=1042, moderator pattern, mediation accounting consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Applied Gerontology", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-024", "title": "Sexual Communication Mediates Cognitive-Behavioral Couple Therapy Outcomes: A Randomized Clinical Trial for Provoked Vestibulodynia", "year": 2022, "authors_year": "Rancourt, Rosen, Bergeron & colleagues / 2022", "source_urls": [ "https://saillab.ca/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Sexual-Communication-Mediates-Cognitive.pdf", "https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000674" ], "doi": "10.1037/ccp0000674", "pmid": null, "study_type": "mediation analysis within a randomized clinical trial comparing 12-week cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBCT) to topical lidocaine for provoked vestibulodynia; collaborative and negative sexual communication patterns measured during treatment", "sample": "women with PVD and partners randomized to CBCT (N=53 couples) or lidocaine (N=55 couples)", "outcomes": "collaborative/negative sexual communication patterns (weeks 1/4/8/12); sexual satisfaction, function and distress at post-treatment and 6 months", "key_result": "steeper increases in affected women's reports of COLLABORATIVE communication during CBCT (not lidocaine) mediated post-treatment gains in her and her partner's sexual satisfaction, her function and distress; partners' collaborative communication improved equally in both arms; negative communication did not change with treatment", "causal_inference": "yes for mediation structure within the RCT — randomized treatment assignment strengthens inference that collaborative-communication change carries treatment effects; no for generalization beyond PVD couples or as self-help prescription", "limitations": "single condition (chronic genital pain); clinical population; partner-side improvements occurred in both arms limiting causal attribution on that side", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher PDF via SAIL lab checked 2026-08-24 (Ns, design, mediation findings consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology companion analysis", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-025", "title": "Positives and negatives of online dating according to women 50+", "year": 2016, "authors_year": "andeWeerd & colleagues / 2016", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2015.1137435" ], "doi": "10.1080/08952841.2015.1137435", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative telephone interviews with thematically team-coded analysis of benefits and risks of online dating as lived by older women", "sample": "45 US women aged 50+ who date online (Florida sample)", "outcomes": "perceived benefits; perceived risks and negatives; risk-management practices; relationship pacing", "key_result": "reported benefits: expanding social networks for both friendship and romance, controlling dating risks and the pace of relationship formation, knowing more about a partner before meeting; reported negatives: pervasive lying, attempted financial exploitation via scammers, unwanted electronic sexual aggression — women actively managed these rather than passively accepting them", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — descriptive lived-experience study of self-selected interviewees", "limitations": "single-region US sample; self-selected experienced daters; qualitative themes not prevalence estimates", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Taylor & Francis record checked 2026-08-24 (N=45 interviews, thematic method consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Women & Aging", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-026", "title": "Meta-Analysis of Couple Therapy: Effects Across Outcomes, Designs, Timeframes, and Other Moderators", "year": 2020, "authors_year": "Roddy, Nowlan, Doss & Christensen / 2020", "source_urls": [ "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32551734/", "https://scholarship.miami.edu/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/Meta-Analysis-of-Couple-Therapy-Effects-Across/991031577515302976" ], "doi": "10.1037/ccp0000477", "pmid": "32551734", "study_type": "random-effects meta-analysis of couple therapy trials across multiple treatment modalities, designs and timeframes", "sample": "58 studies; 40 unique samples; 2,092 couples (exclusively opposite-sex)", "outcomes": "relationship satisfaction; communication (self-reported and observed); emotional intimacy; partner behaviors; follow-up maintenance", "key_result": "couple therapy showed large pre-to-post gains in relationship satisfaction (Hedges g=1.12); waitlist couples did not significantly improve (g=0.12); significant impacts also on communication, intimacy and partner behaviors; gains generally maintained at short- and long-term follow-up with minimal moderator impact; greater baseline distress associated with larger gains", "causal_inference": "yes for average treatment effects within these studies — randomized/waitlist comparisons support efficacy claims; no for individual prognosis or specific-model superiority (no significant differences between therapy types)", "limitations": "exclusively opposite-sex couples; routine-practice effects weaker than controlled studies; dependencies within studies not fully modeled", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract + Miami repository record checked 2026-08-24 (Ns, effect sizes consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 88(7):583-596", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-027", "title": "Associations of Sexual Desire with Demographic and Relationship Variables", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Aavik, Täht, Vainik & Mõttus / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-23483-0" ], "doi": "10.1038/s41598-025-23483-0", "pmid": null, "study_type": "population-based cross-sectional analysis of self-reported sexual desire across demographic and relational variables", "sample": "N=67,334 from the Estonian Biobank (ages 20-84, nationally representative)", "outcomes": "sexual desire; gender; age; sexual orientation; relationship status; recent childbirth; number of children; relationship satisfaction", "key_result": "men reported substantially higher desire than women (eta-squared=0.18), persisting across most ages and groups; desire declined with age more steeply for women with a significant quadratic effect (steeper early-adulthood decline); partnered individuals reported lower desire than singles (beta=-0.10); bisexual/pansexual orientation, recent childbirth and relationship satisfaction positively associated with desire; number of children small negative association", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — cross-sectional; group differences are descriptive distributions not norms or predictions", "limitations": "Estonian population only; single-item desire measure per biobank protocol; gender from national ID codes", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Nature Scientific Reports full text checked 2026-08-24 (N=67,334, effect sizes, moderator findings consistent); peer-reviewed open access", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-028", "title": "Friendship Trajectories and Health across the Lifespan", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Ajrouch, Hu, Webster & Antonucci / 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37650812/" ], "doi": "10.1037/dev0001589", "pmid": "37650812", "study_type": "23-year longitudinal latent growth curve analysis of friendship presence and quality predicting later health", "sample": "N=553 from the longitudinal Social Relations Study (ages 13-77 at Wave 1 in 1992; best-friend reporters at Waves 2 and 3; 65% women, 24.5% people of color)", "outcomes": "friendship network proportion trajectories; positive friend-quality trajectories; negative quality trajectories; self-rated health and depressive symptoms 23 years later", "key_result": "only POSITIVE friend-quality trajectories predicted health 23 years later: the High-and-Rising-Positive class showed lower depressive symptoms (4.28 points on CES-D) and higher self-rated health (0.63 on 5-point scale); neither friend-count nor negative-quality trajectories had long-term effects; effects did not vary by age — positive quality matters across the lifespan", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — observational longitudinal; best-friend-only sample (those without a stable best friend excluded); small effect sizes", "limitations": "US single-region panel; attrition over 23 years", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract + PMC full text checked 2026-08-24 (N=553, trajectory classes, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Developmental Psychology 60(1):94-107", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-029", "title": "Differing Levels of Gratitude Between Romantic Partners: Concurrent and Longitudinal Links With Satisfaction and Commitment in Six Dyadic Datasets", "year": 2023, "authors_year": "Park, Gordon, Humberg, Muise & Impett / 2023", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.10537" ], "doi": "10.5964/ps.10537", "pmid": null, "study_type": "pre-registered pooled analysis of six longitudinal dyadic datasets (APIM + dyadic response surface analysis)", "sample": "562 couples (N=1,124 individuals); follow-ups 2 weeks to 6 months; multiple labs", "outcomes": "gratitude for partner; relationship satisfaction; commitment; future gratitude; partner-level moderation; couple similarity effects", "key_result": "weak-link hypothesis NOT supported: one's own gratitude linked to satisfaction and commitment regardless of the partner's level; more grateful people stayed more committed over time; having a grateful partner linked to satisfaction even when one's own gratitude was low; no unique benefit from matched gratitude levels; at least one grateful member predicted greater future gratitude in the other's reports of the couple", "causal_inference": "yes for average longitudinal associations within these samples — but observational; gratitude and quality may mutually reinforce", "limitations": "predominantly Western samples; follow-ups short (max 6 months)", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record + Personality Science (ARS) page checked 2026-08-24 (562 couples, six datasets, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Personality Science; DOI corrected from a misregistered SAGE JSPR entry the same day", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-030", "title": "A dyadic assessment of the association between sexual communication and daily sexual satisfaction", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Bibby & Davila / 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://sage.cnpereading.com/doi/10.1177/02654075231220041" ], "doi": "10.1177/02654075231220041", "pmid": null, "study_type": "dyadic cross-sectional communication measures combined with 21-day daily diary of sexual satisfaction on sex days", "sample": "81 mostly mixed-sex couples, diverse ages and relationship lengths", "outcomes": "perceived sexual communication quality; average daily sexual satisfaction; within-person variability across sex days; cross-partner effects", "key_result": "greater perceived sexual communication quality associated with higher AND more consistent daily sexual satisfaction (within- and cross-partner associations); effects held controlling for relationship satisfaction and length; similarity between partners' communication reports did not moderate the association — matching levels added no bonus", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — communication measured once, satisfaction diarized; direction unknown", "limitations": "self-selected couples; 21-day window only", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE journal page checked 2026-08-24 (81 couples, 21-day diary, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Social and Personal Relationships", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-031", "title": "Sexual dysfunction in women at midlife: a cross-sectional study of data from the Australian Women's Midlife Years (AMY) study", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Wang, Islam, Bond et al. / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanogw.2025.100024" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.lanogw.2025.100024", "pmid": null, "study_type": "nationally representative online cross-sectional survey with menopausal staging via STRAW+10 and ICD-11 criteria for dysfunction", "sample": "N=8,096 women aged 40-69 in Australia (recruited Oct 2023 - Mar 2024)", "outcomes": "female sexual dysfunction (ICD-11); sexually related personal distress; menopausal stage; domains of sexual function by stage", "key_result": "approximately half of midlife participants had poor sexual wellbeing: one in four met ICD-11 criteria for sexual dysfunction and one in four had sexually related distress WITHOUT a diagnosable dysfunction; prevalence varied substantially by menopausal stage — distress and dysfunction are not the same construct; findings quantify how much of midlife 'low desire' is distress without disorder", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — cross-sectional; self-report; clinical thresholds are conventions not natural kinds", "limitations": "Australian population only; online questionnaire", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "The Lancet Ogawa page + Monash record checked 2026-08-24 (N=8,096, STRAW+10 staging, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Lancet journal", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-032", "title": "Discrepancy in Dyadic Sexual Desire Predicts Sexual Distress over Time in a Community Sample of Committed Couples: A Daily Diary and Longitudinal Study", "year": 2022, "authors_year": "Rosen, Bergeron et al. / 2022", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-021-01967-0" ], "doi": "10.1007/s10508-021-01967-0", "pmid": null, "study_type": "35-day daily diary plus 12-month longitudinal survey; multilevel and cross-lagged panel SEM", "sample": "N=229 same-sex/gender and mixed-sex/gender community couples", "outcomes": "dyadic sexual desire discrepancy (SDD); sexual distress; direction of prediction; moderation by gender/couple type", "key_result": "higher SDD on one day predicted higher sexual distress the NEXT day; baseline SDD predicted sexual distress 12 months later (b=0.228); REVERSE path non-significant — sexual distress did NOT predict later SDD; effects not moderated by gender or couple type; consistent with SDD as precursor of distress rather than consequence", "causal_inference": "no causal certainty — unmeasured third factors possible; observational despite temporal ordering", "limitations": "community sample; self-report", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "Springer page + author PDF + PubMed checked 2026-08-24 (N=229 couples, cross-lagged findings consistent); peer-reviewed Archives of Sexual Behavior", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-033", "title": "A randomized controlled trial of online mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral interventions for sexual interest/arousal disorder in women: eSense", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Mahar, Stephenson & Brotto / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2025.104732", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40147247/" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.brat.2025.104732", "pmid": "40147247", "study_type": "three-arm randomized controlled trial (eSense-CBT vs eSense-MBT vs waitlist) of an 8-module online intervention with non-expert navigator support; assessments at baseline, mid-treatment, posttreatment and 6-month follow-up", "sample": "N=129 women with sexual interest/arousal disorder (SIAD), randomized 43/43/43; Canada and US", "outcomes": "sexual desire/arousal; sexual distress; sexual satisfaction; overall sexual function (FSFI)", "key_result": "both active arms improved over waitlist at post-treatment: desire/arousal d>.90, sexual distress d<-0.62, overall function d=1.20-1.23 (large); satisfaction d=0.70-0.81 with slight MBT edge; no effect on sexual dissatisfaction; gains largely maintained at 6 months; arms did not differ from each other", "causal_inference": "yes for assigned treatment vs waitlist within this sample — digital CBT/MBT reduced symptoms; not a test of causes of low desire in the general population", "limitations": "self-selected volunteers with SIAD diagnosis; waitlist control cannot blind participants; navigator contact is an uncontrolled supportive ingredient; commercial affiliation disclosed by authors", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record + PubMed abstract + UBC news release checked 2026-08-24 (N=129, three-arm design, effect sizes consistent); peer-reviewed Behaviour Research and Therapy", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-034", "title": "Sexual function after menopause: the role of vaginal estrogens", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Cucinella, Cassani, Martini, Parrotta, Monne et al. / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2025.108681" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.maturitas.2025.108681", "pmid": null, "study_type": "narrative clinical review of local estrogen therapy (LET) for genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) with a sexual-symptom focus; includes a section on LET after breast cancer", "sample": "no single empirical sample — synthesis of GSM/vulvovaginal atrophy literature", "outcomes": "GSM symptoms; vaginal atrophy; dyspareunia; sexual function outcomes with LET", "key_result": "LET is positioned as the mainstay of GSM management; authors argue most studies measured vulvovaginal atrophy signs/symptoms without capturing the sexual symptom cluster (dryness, dyspareunia-related avoidance) that drives dysfunction risk; breast-cancer history (especially aromatase inhibitor use) raises GSM severity and constrains treatment options", "causal_inference": "no causal effect estimate from the review itself — it organizes clinical guidance and evidence gaps; underlying trials vary in design", "limitations": "narrative (not systematic) methodology per publisher abstract; author disclosures typical of hormone-therapy literature", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "T", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record + ScienceDirect/Maturitas abstract checked 2026-08-24 (title/journal/authors consistent); peer-reviewed Maturitas", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-035", "title": "Symptomatic benefits of testosterone treatment in patient subgroups: a systematic review, individual participant data meta-analysis, and aggregate data meta-analysis", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Lin, Ye, Bhasin ら（T Trials consortium） / 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-7568%2823%2900169-1", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37804846/" ], "doi": "10.1016/S2666-7568(23)00169-1", "pmid": "37804846", "study_type": "systematic review plus individual-participant-data and aggregate-data meta-analyses of testosterone treatment RCTs for sexual dysfunction; subgroup analyses by age, obesity and baseline testosterone", "sample": "men aged 40+ with baseline serum testosterone below 12 nmol/L; pooled RCT populations", "outcomes": "erectile function (IIEF), desire, hypogonadal symptoms", "key_result": "short-to-medium-term testosterone treatment provided clinically meaningful improvement for MILD erectile dysfunction irrespective of age, obesity or degree of low testosterone; absolute level of function reached remained lower due to more severe baseline symptoms; benefits for desire smaller than for erectile function per the T Trials framing", "causal_inference": "yes for average treatment effects within these trials — but short-to-medium duration, selected symptomatic men with confirmed low T; not evidence for universal anti-aging use or normal-T men", "limitations": "IPD availability limited some trials; publication bias possible; cardiovascular long-term safety assessed separately from this analysis", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record + PubMed abstract checked 2026-08-24 (journal/volume/pages consistent: Lancet Healthy Longevity 4:e561-e572); peer-reviewed", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-036", "title": "The joy of intimability: Forms of intimacy and relationships among older couple-dancing adults", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Heikkinen & Henriksson / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/00016993261448805", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00016993261448805" ], "doi": "10.1177/00016993261448805", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative interview study (Simmel-inspired conceptual analysis)", "sample": "29 older couple-dancing adults in Sweden", "outcomes": "forms of intimacy in couple dancing; intimability (intimacy arranged for its own sake); avoidance of sexual signals and obligations beyond the dance context", "key_result": "older dancers derive great pleasure from dancing intimacy with others while deliberately avoiding overt sexual signals and long-term obligations outside the dance; authors model intimability on Simmel's sociability to capture temporary, non-obligational intimacy as its own world; shows late-life intimacy is not confined to romantic dyads or sexual activity", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative interview study with a purposive sample of dancers — describes meaning-making, not prevalence or causal effects", "limitations": "small purposive Swedish sample of dance participants; findings describe one leisure subculture and do not represent all older adults; interviewer interpretation shapes concepts", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record checked 2026-08-26 (title/authors/DOI consistent, abstract read); no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-037", "title": "CO2 laser therapy for genitourinary syndrome of menopause with sham comparator in randomized controlled trials: A systematic review", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Hariani, Kurniawati & Hardianto / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.34057/ppj.2026.45.01.98698", "https://pelviperineology.org/articles/colesssubgreater2lesssubgreater-laser-therapy-for-genitourinary-syndrome-of-menopause-with-sham-comparator-in-randomized-controlled-trials-a-systematic-review/doi/PPj.2026.45.01.98698" ], "doi": "10.34057/ppj.2026.45.01.98698", "pmid": null, "study_type": "systematic review of sham-controlled RCTs (PRISMA-guided)", "sample": "7 sham-controlled RCTs, 319 participants total", "outcomes": "patient-reported symptom improvement; sexual function; histological changes vs sham", "key_result": "findings are mixed: some RCTs report significant improvements in sexual function and dryness/dyspareunia vs sham, an equal number find no significant difference between laser and sham; the one study using vaginal histology as a primary outcome found no epithelial remodelling advantage; CO2 laser not yet established as a routine GSM option — directly counters marketing-driven adoption narratives", "causal_inference": "no; systematic review of heterogeneous small RCTs — pooled effect not computed, heterogeneity in devices, protocols, follow-up (1–6 months) and populations including cancer survivors", "limitations": "small trials; subjective quality-of-life outcomes susceptible to placebo effects; only one trial with objective histological primary outcome; short follow-up windows", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref + publisher page checked 2026-08-26 (title/authors/DOI consistent, full review text read via publisher); no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-038", "title": "Reducing loneliness and enhancing well-being among gender and sexually diverse late middle-aged and older adults: An evidence-informed group intervention", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Assatarakul, Metasuk & Atanan / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbag156", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42565543/" ], "doi": "10.1093/geronb/gbag156", "pmid": "42565543", "study_type": "non-randomized single-group pre-post mixed-methods intervention (exploratory)", "sample": "28 SOGIESC (sexual orientation/gender identity/expression/sex characteristics diverse) adults aged 51–74 in Thailand", "outcomes": "emotional and social loneliness; psychological, physical, social, spiritual well-being; workshop series creating affirming psychologically safe spaces", "key_result": "significant within-group reductions in emotional and social loneliness (median −1.0 on 3-point scale, rrb=−.684 and −.725); improvements in psychological, physical and spiritual well-being (rrb=.406–.673); qualitative themes: social support, belonging, affirmative community spaces fostering self-acceptance — supports community-based rather than individual self-care models of well-being", "causal_inference": "no; single-group pre-post without control, exploratory design — within-group change cannot isolate intervention effect from time, attention or regression to the mean", "limitations": "N=28 self-selected participants; Thailand context; no follow-up period reported beyond immediate post; minority stress framework shapes both intervention and measures", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract checked 2026-08-26 (design, N=28 ages 51–74, effect sizes consistent); online-ahead-of-print status noted; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-039", "title": "Effect of Sex Education on Sexual Quality of Life in Older Married Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Shahabi, Poortaghi, Maasoumi, Amrollah Majdabadi & Negarandeh / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2026.2666661" ], "doi": "10.1080/19317611.2026.2666661", "pmid": null, "study_type": "randomized clinical trial (RCT), simple randomization, IRCT-registered", "sample": "older married women recruited from Tehran community centers; intervention: four weekly 2-hour sex education sessions; control group standard care", "outcomes": "Sexual Quality of Life-Female (SQOL-F) total and subscales: psychosexual feelings, sexual-marital satisfaction, sexual self-worthlessness, sexual repression", "key_result": "ANCOVA showed significant improvement in the intervention vs control group in SQOL scores (p<0.001), psychosexual feelings (p<0.001), sexual-marital satisfaction (p<0.001), sexual self-worthlessness (p=0.02), and sexual repression (p<0.001): structured sex education improved multiple dimensions of sexual quality of life", "causal_inference": "yes for average treatment effects within this trial context — randomized design supports efficacy of education program; no claims about generalizability beyond similar settings or long-term maintenance", "limitations": "single-center Iranian sample; cultural specificity of curriculum; short follow-up (1 month post-intervention); self-report outcomes only", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI landing page checked 2026-08-26 (abstract: methods, randomization, IRCT registration, ANCOVA results consistent); no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-040", "title": "Effect of Sexocorporel-based sexual counseling on sexual health literacy and sexual quality of life among married deaf women of reproductive age: a randomized controlled trial", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Fard, Rabeipoor, Bakht & Barjasteh / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1093/jsxmed/qdag252", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42640874/" ], "doi": "10.1093/jsxmed/qdag252", "pmid": "42640874", "study_type": "parallel-group randomized controlled trial (block randomization, allocation concealment, IRCT-registered)", "sample": "100 married women with congenital or prelingual deafness of reproductive age (Hamadan, Iran); intervention n=50 vs control n=50", "outcomes": "sexual health literacy (all domains); sexual quality of life (SQOL-F)", "key_result": "Sexocorporel-based counseling (4 weekly sessions with sign-language support) significantly improved sexual health literacy across all domains and SQOL vs control after baseline adjustment (all p<.001), moderate-to-large effect sizes: communication-adapted, body-oriented counseling is a promising accessibility-focused model", "causal_inference": "yes for average treatment effects within this trial — randomized design with allocation concealment supports efficacy; no claims about generalizability to other disability groups, countries or long-term maintenance", "limitations": "single-center Iranian sample; reproductive-age deaf women only (not older adults); 1-month follow-up only; self-report outcomes", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract checked 2026-08-26 (design N=100, randomization, ANCOVA results consistent); IRCT registration noted; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-041", "title": "Tele-Sexual Counseling Improved Sexual Function and Reduced Sexual Distress in Postpartum Women and Their Spouses: A Randomized Controlled Trial", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Heidari, Alimoradi & Bahrami / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2026.2699265", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42423526/" ], "doi": "10.1080/0092623X.2026.2699265", "pmid": "42423526", "study_type": "randomized controlled trial (couples-based telehealth intervention)", "sample": "140 exclusively breastfeeding primiparous women and their spouses (Qazvin, Iran, Jan–Jul 2023)", "outcomes": "sexual function (FSFI-6 women, IIEF-5 men); sexual distress (SDS-R); baseline + post-intervention + 1- and 2-month follow-ups", "key_result": "five structured online couple-based counseling sessions via social media platform improved sexual function and reduced sexual distress in BOTH partners at all follow-up points (p<.001); effects consistent over time: telehealth delivery is an accessible approach where in-person services are limited", "causal_inference": "yes for average treatment effects within this trial — randomized design with multiple follow-ups supports efficacy; no claims about generalizability beyond similar postpartum breastfeeding couples or long-term maintenance", "limitations": "single-center Iranian sample; exclusively breastfeeding primiparous couples only; social media platform delivery raises privacy considerations; online-ahead-of-print status", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract checked 2026-08-27 (design N=140 couples, measures FSFI-6/IIEF-5/SDS-R, results consistent); no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-27" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-042", "title": "Online sexual health interventions for breast cancer survivors: a systematic review of program features and sexual outcomes", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Bagheri, Moghaddam-Banaem, Ali Azin, Safaei & Haghighat / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1093/sxmrev/qeag031", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42476542/" ], "doi": "10.1093/sxmrev/qeag031", "pmid": "42476542", "study_type": "systematic review (7 databases up to June 2025; MMAT quality appraisal + Cochrane RoB for RCTs)", "sample": "12 eligible articles on online interventions tailored for breast cancer survivors", "outcomes": "intervention content features (education, interactive techniques, CBT, ACT, personalized information, self-help); sexual outcomes", "key_result": "most studies reported positive effects of online interventions on sexual health; predominant delivery approaches were educational initiatives, interactive techniques, CBT, acceptance and commitment therapy, personalized information and self-help strategies — online delivery addresses access barriers specific to survivors", "causal_inference": "no; review of heterogeneous studies without meta-analysis — describes features and direction of effects, not pooled magnitudes", "limitations": "diverse content and outcome measures across studies; MMAT/Cochrane assessments found variable quality; survivor needs vary by treatment phase", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract checked 2026-08-27 (12 studies, feature categories, positive-effects conclusion consistent); indexed for MEDLINE; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-27" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-043", "title": "Are associations between relationship satisfaction, emotional intimacy, and successful sexual aging gender-specific?", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Mehulić, Koletić & Štulhofer / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbag119" ], "doi": "10.1093/geronb/gbag119", "pmid": null, "study_type": "dyadic structural equation modeling (APIM approach), cross-sectional", "sample": "355 heterosexual couples (average age 66 female / 69 male); 93% married; average relationship duration 39 years", "outcomes": "Successful Sexual Aging Scale (SSAS, 9-item); relationship satisfaction; emotional intimacy", "key_result": "SSAS achieved scalar dyadic measurement invariance; higher relationship quality associated with greater acceptance of age-related sexual changes and better adaptive adjustment for both partners; partner’s higher relationship quality also predicted better adaptation (interpersonal process); no significant gender differences in these associations", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional dyadic data — associations do not establish causal direction between relationship quality and SSA", "limitations": "Croatian heterosexual couples only (not US); self-report measures; long-married sample may limit generalizability to newer relationships", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Abstract checked via booksci/Semantic Scholar record and DOI landing page 2026-08-27 (N=355 couples, APIM results, measurement invariance findings consistent); no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-27" }, { "id": "SEXAGE-044", "title": "Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on sexual function in women infected with human papillomavirus: a randomized controlled trial", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Mahmoudi, Ghasemian Dizaj Mehr, Feizipour, Hassanlouei & Rahmatnezhad / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1093/jsxmed/qdag214", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42447398/" ], "doi": "10.1093/jsxmed/qdag214", "pmid": "42447398", "study_type": "single-blind randomized clinical trial (8-session group ACT counseling vs routine care; GEE analysis)", "sample": "56 women with HPV infection (intervention n=28, control n=28; mean ages 33–36)", "outcomes": "FSFI total and domain scores at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up", "key_result": "ACT group improved from baseline FSFI 16.06 to 20.68 (post) and 20.64 (1 month); control declined; between-group differences significant at both points (B=5.120, p=.002; B=6.244, p<.001); gains in desire, arousal, satisfaction, orgasm (p<.001) but not lubrication or pain — psychological flexibility intervention helps where distress, not mechanics, drives dysfunction", "causal_inference": "yes for average treatment effects within this trial — randomized design with follow-up supports efficacy claims; no claims about HPV clearance, partner outcomes, or long-term maintenance beyond 1 month", "limitations": "single-center Iranian sample; small N per arm; 1-month follow-up only; FSFI self-report", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "A", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract checked 2026-08-27 (design N=56, GEE results consistent); issue 23(8) 2026; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-27" }, { "id": "JPAPP-001", "title": "令和6年度「若者のライフデザインや出会いに関する意識調査」ウェブアンケート調査", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "こども家庭庁 / 2024 data, final summary 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://www.cfa.go.jp/assets/contents/node/basic_page/field_ref_resources/6bd5258e-7cbd-4c45-a1bc-4a22df735cc0/c385f6a5/20250121_councils_lifedesign-wg_6bd5258e_07.pdf", "https://www.cfa.go.jp/assets/contents/node/basic_page/field_ref_resources/1841f10d-4f2f-4294-853e-f62b82c4df5a/27ac0a8d/20240826_councils_lifedesign-wg_1841f10d_08.pdf" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "national web survey with screening and weighted tabulation", "sample": "15〜39歳の未婚・既婚男女、全国；本調査20,000人（未婚18,000／既婚2,000）；既婚者は主に30代以下・直近5年以内の結婚者；2024-07-08〜17", "outcomes": "app-use experience and the place/occasion where current partner or spouse was met", "key_result": "recent married respondents named matching apps as the meeting trigger in 25.1%; the preliminary report separately reports app-use experience of 57% among married and 27% among unmarried respondents", "causal_inference": "no; descriptive cross-sectional/retrospective web survey does not identify a counterfactual marriage effect or a population-wide current-use rate", "limitations": "deliberately allocated married subgroup, online self-report, recent-marriage and age restrictions, recall and wording effects; 25.1% is a relationship-route share, not app usage or user marriage probability", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "official PDFs checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked source surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "JPAPP-002", "title": "2025年マッチングサービス・アプリの利用実態調査", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "MMD研究所 / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://mmdlabo.jp/investigation/detail_2489.html" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "weighted descriptive survey", "sample": "smartphone owners aged 20〜69, N=30,000; fielded 2025-09-19〜24; sample weighted to population composition", "outcomes": "relationship-seeking experience, meeting method, app experience, dating experience after app contact, nearby examples", "key_result": "75.5% had sought a partner; among 22,661 seekers, app method was 22.6% for 20s and 16.8% for 30s; among 2,940 respondents who remembered a used service, 54.8% reported having dated someone met through an app; nearby app-based dating/marriage examples were 23.8%/20.6%", "causal_inference": "no; conditional self-report survey with no randomized comparison or prospective population follow-up", "limitations": "smartphone-owner frame, private survey, multiple-answer and conditional denominators, recall and selection into relationship-seeking and app use; not a universal success rate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher page checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked source surface", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "JPAPP-003", "title": "現在の交際相手の有無・交際相手と知り合ったきっかけ（経年変化）", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "こども家庭庁 / 2025 portal current surface", "source_urls": [ "https://lifedesign-information.cfa.go.jp/data/3-15/" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "official data-portal summary of time-series survey results", "sample": "portal page reports current-partner prevalence and meeting-trigger composition; page itself is a summary surface rather than a full methods report", "outcomes": "current partner status and meeting route, including online route by gender", "key_result": "the portal summary says about 25% currently have a partner and reports online meeting as 11.9% for men and 17.9% for women; these are not the same denominator as JPAPP-001", "causal_inference": "no; summary page is descriptive and does not expose a causal design", "limitations": "exact survey wave, sample construction and question details must be checked in the linked source report; not interchangeable with the recent-marriage 25.1%", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "official portal checked 2026-08-12; no correction/retraction notice concept applies to this summary surface", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-12" }, { "id": "JPAPP-004", "title": "Dating and Marriage during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Japan", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Chiba, Maezono & Nakata / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://www.carf.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/research/f609/", "https://www.carf.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/F609.pdf" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "retrospective online survey with time-series transition-probability construction and pre-COVID trend comparison", "sample": "Cross Marketing panel, 10,000 respondents aged 25–45 in September 2023; age and gender distributions matched to the Population Census; relationship histories asked up to first marriage and for up to ten longest relationships; annual main analysis focuses on ages 25–29 and 30–34", "outcomes": "relationship states of single, unmarried with a partner and married; annual, quarterly and monthly transitions; deviations from pre-2020 trends", "key_result": "for both age groups, single-to-coupled transition fell below the pre-COVID trend after 2020; coupled-to-married transition increased or recovered above trend in later pandemic periods; the larger single-to-coupled flow dominated the marriage-count direction", "causal_inference": "no; retrospective observational histories and time-series deviations have no randomized app exposure, non-user counterfactual or app-specific estimate", "limitations": "recall bias over histories, cohort restricted to people aged 25–45 in 2023, first-marriage/relationship-history design and panel-sample composition; official PDF labels it a Working Paper draft; not a current Japan-wide relationship probability, app-use rate or app effect", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": "P", "derived_evidence_level": "P", "correction_retraction_check": "official CARF page and PDF checked 2026-08-14; the PDF identifies a Working Paper draft, and no separate correction-status certification is claimed; evidence level P", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-14" }, { "id": "JPAPP-005", "title": "Is Online Mate Selection Linked to More Egalitarian Marriages in Japan?", "year": 2023, "authors_year": "Potarca & Ishida / 2023 University of Tokyo ISS / discussion paper", "source_urls": [ "https://csrda.iss.u-tokyo.ac.jp/panel/dp/PanelDP169_PotarcaIshida.pdf", "https://www.iss.u-tokyo.ac.jp/publishments/dpf/" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "panel-data analysis with entropy balancing for observed selection into online dating", "sample": "2,941 married couples from the Japanese Life Course Panel Surveys (JLPS 2007-2016)", "outcomes": "meeting context (online vs offline); division of housework; wife's education as stratifier; egalitarian union formation", "key_result": "marriages initiated online reported more equal housework sharing than marriages formed elsewhere — but only when the wife was university-educated; authors interpret this as online courtship widening options and giving women a structural mating advantage in negotiating gender arrangements", "causal_inference": "no; observational panel data with balancing on observed covariates only — unobserved selection remains; association between meeting context and later housework division is not a causal effect of apps", "limitations": "discussion paper status (not yet peer-reviewed journal publication); self-reported housework shares; couples married 2007-2016 predate the current app market composition; findings concern heterosexual married couples and do not extend to dating outcomes or user wellbeing", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "official CSRDA PDF (Panel Survey Discussion Paper Series No.169, October 2023) and CSRDA outcome index checked 2026-09-08; formal title synchronized; no correction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "JPAPP-006", "title": "2026年マッチングアプリ利用実態調査", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "一般社団法人日本マッチングアプリ機構 / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000001.000186185.html", "https://matchingapp.or.jp/" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "industry-association cross-sectional internet survey with a conditional user-funnel summary", "sample": "18〜49歳（高校生除く）の直近1年のマッチングアプリ利用者500人（男性250・女性250）；Freeasy調査、2026-08-10〜18", "outcomes": "use purpose; number of apps used; meeting at least one app contact; time to first meeting; reported dating, marriage and sexual relationship; purpose attainment; difficulties", "key_result": "407/500（81.4%）reported meeting at least one app contact; among those 407, 74.4% met within two weeks, 27.8% reported dating and 13.0% marriage in a multiple-response item; 51.8% said they achieved their purpose at least somewhat", "causal_inference": "no; a descriptive self-report survey of recent users cannot estimate a population success probability, a non-user counterfactual or a causal app effect", "limitations": "industry-association commissioning, Freeasy internet-sample selection, 18〜49 age restriction, retrospective self-report, conditional denominator among 407 meeting participants and multiple-response relationship outcomes; not a Japan-wide usage rate or app ranking", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "JODA/PR TIMES release and official JODA surface checked 2026-09-08; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "JPAPP-007", "title": "2026年 恋愛・結婚に関するアンケート調査", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "明治安田総合研究所 / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://www.myri.co.jp/research/report/2026_01.php", "https://www.myri.co.jp/research/report/pdf/myilw_report_2026_01.pdf" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "age-stratified descriptive web survey with multiple-response meeting-route question", "sample": "all prefectures; 18〜54歳8,872人（既婚3,909・未婚4,963）；2025-12-12〜21、webアンケート", "outcomes": "current relationship status; interest in romance; meeting routes for a possible partner; marriage intention; communication and date-frequency preferences", "key_result": "in the multiple-response meeting-route question, matching apps were selected by 19.7% overall, 33.3% of ages 25〜29 and 30.9% of ages 30〜34; the report's age pattern is a meeting-route composition, not current app use or an app-to-marriage rate", "causal_inference": "no; descriptive web-survey percentages do not identify a causal app effect, a population-wide current-use rate or a personal relationship probability", "limitations": "multiple-response wording and combined married/unmarried denominator; web-survey sample and age-stratified reporting; the question concerns meeting a person who could become a partner/spouse rather than only a formed relationship; not interchangeable with CFA recent-marriage, MMD seeker or JODA user-funnel denominators", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Meiji Yasuda official report page and PDF checked 2026-09-08; report dated 2026-02-05; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "JPAPP-008", "title": "第17回出生動向基本調査（結婚と出産に関する全国調査）", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "国立社会保障・人口問題研究所（IPSS） / 2026 results (2025 survey)", "source_urls": [ "https://www.ipss.go.jp/ps-doukou/j/doukou17/doukou17_gaiyo.html", "https://www.ipss.go.jp/ps-doukou/j/doukou17/JNFS17gaiyo.pdf", "https://www.ipss.go.jp/ps-doukou/j/db_17/db_17GaiyoBaseData.html", "https://www.ipss.go.jp/ps-doukou/j/doukou17/JNFS17gaiyo_PressRelease.pdf" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "government national probability survey; cross-sectional descriptive national survey of unmarried people and married couples", "sample": "nationwide 1,000 randomly selected survey districts; unmarried survey: 15,811 distributed, 6,756 valid (42.7%), ages 18 to under 55; married-couple survey: 10,489 distributed, 5,024 valid (47.9%), wives under 55; Figure 5-3 subset: married within the past five years, first-marriage couples, wife under 50 at marriage and under 55 at survey, case count 570; fielded June 2025", "outcomes": "eventual-marriage intention; relationship status and desire; meeting routes for first-marriage couples; Figure 5-2 marriage-year route composition; Figure 5-3 meeting-trigger route composition", "key_result": "among unmarried people aged 18-34, eventual-marriage intention was 75.1% for men and 77.8% for women, down from 81.4% and 84.3%; in the Figure 5-3 target, the “network (internet)” route was 20.2% of meeting triggers versus 11.0% in the previous wave; Figure 5-2 separately reports 18.6% for the 2020-2024 marriage-year tabulation", "causal_inference": "no; descriptive cross-sectional national survey of intentions, statuses and meeting-route composition does not identify an app effect, current app-use rate or individual marriage probability", "limitations": "self-report and response-rate limits; Figure 5-3's 20.2% denominator is the defined first-marriage-couple subset (wife under 50 at marriage, under 55 at survey; case count 570), not the whole population or current app users; “（1-9以外で）ネット（インターネット）で” includes SNS/websites/apps and is not app-only; Figure 5-2's 18.6% is a separate marriage-year aggregation; not a success rate or causal estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "IPSS official results page, summary PDF, graph-data page and press-release PDF checked 2026-09-18; results page states publication on 2026-09-11; no separate correction, erratum or retraction notice surfaced on the checked official surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-18" }, { "id": "JPAGE-001", "title": "Happy Birthday? Age Labels, Search Criteria, and Matching from Dating to Marriage", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Suguru Otani / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://www.mdc.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/news-en/9611/", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.23325" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "working paper; birthday-relative panel using fixed effects and stage-specific accounting", "sample": "confidential individual-level records from IBJ, a fee-based consultant-mediated Japanese marriage platform; search and matching actions from 2020-06 to 2024-12; verified age/income/education/marital status; stages from applications through accepted proposals", "outcomes": "displayed age update at birthdays, stated and saved age ranges, eligibility, applications, meetings, non-exclusive and exclusive dating, accepted proposals, proposer-age composition", "key_result": "age-range entry/exit can offset; applications were often slightly higher and shifted toward older suitors in the defined channel; proposal counts fell at 9 of 10 female receiver ages 31–40, with the paper locating the recurring negative component around progression to early dating; the paper's counterfactual accounting reports +12.9% for female and -6.7% for male receiver proposal counts in their thirties", "causal_inference": "no; not a randomized experiment and not a universal age-attraction or personal-value estimate; the working paper reports a birthday-based comparison with fixed effects and assumptions about smooth changes in other verified attributes", "limitations": "IBJ is a selected high-intent, paid, consultant-mediated market; confidential platform records, platform-specific UI and definitions, external validity limits, working-paper version status; do not generalize to all Japanese marriages, dating apps, individual destiny or intrinsic attractiveness", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-age-labels-matching/", "evidence_level": "P", "derived_evidence_level": "P", "correction_retraction_check": "UTMD and arXiv v2 (submitted 2026-07-25, revised 2026-08-20), rechecked 2026-09-18 (arXiv 2607.23325 live, v2 current); no correction/retraction notice; evidence level P", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-18" }, { "id": "JPAGE-004", "title": "Marital Sorting on Pre-Marital Preferences for Household Behavior", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Chihiro Inoue, Yusuke Ishihata & Suguru Otani / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://www.mdc.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/UTMD-127.pdf", "https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.25372", "https://arxiv.org/html/2603.25372v2" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "working paper; multidimensional matching model at proposal stage plus many-to-many maximum-score estimates by dating stage", "sample": "IBJ structured marriage-matching platform; pre-marital verified attributes; 2015–2024 matched-couple panel with 2024 proposal-stage estimates using 6,592 couples; Application, Pre-relationship, Serious-relationship and Proposal stages", "outcomes": "age, education, income, occupational flexibility, height, weight, drinking, smoking, marital history, preferences for housework, childcare and children", "key_result": "all 12 attributes show positive assortative matching in the proposal-stage analysis; age is most salient and preferences for children second, above education; age and income are robust from Application, while child preferences emerge later; stage coefficients are separately normalized", "causal_inference": "no; observational platform matching records and structural/maximum-score model are not randomized or causal; theory about fertility decision mechanisms is not evidence of household outcomes", "limitations": "selected, fee-based consultant-mediated IBJ market; working paper v2; 6,592-couple proposal-stage estimation is not all IBJ users or Japan; pre-marital preference measures are not post-marital behavior; stage-normalized coefficients are not comparable in magnitude; not a compatibility score, population marriage probability or personal prediction", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-age-labels-matching/", "evidence_level": "P", "derived_evidence_level": "P", "correction_retraction_check": "official UTMD-127 PDF and arXiv v2/HTML checked 2026-09-18; exact-title/identifier correction-retraction search found no notice on checked surfaces; evidence level P", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-18" }, { "id": "JPAGE-002", "title": "第16回出生動向基本調査（結婚と出産に関する全国調査）— 独身者調査・夫婦調査", "year": 2023, "authors_year": "国立社会保障・人口問題研究所 (IPSS) / 2023 報告書（2021年6月実施）", "source_urls": [ "https://www.ipss.go.jp/ps-doukou/j/doukou16/doukou16_gaiyo.asp", "https://www.ipss.go.jp/ps-doukou/e/doukou16/Nfs16R_summary_eng.pdf", "https://ipss.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2000594" ], "doi": null, "pmid": null, "study_type": "government national probability survey (配票自計・密封回収), stratified random sampling from 令和3年国民生活基礎調査 survey districts", "sample": "singles survey: 14,011 distributed, 7,826 valid (55.9% response rate), ages 18-54 unmarried; couples survey: 9,401 distributed, 6,834 valid (72.7%), wives under 55", "outcomes": "marriage intention (いずれ結婚するつもり); dating status; partner condition priorities; desired number of children; gender-role attitudes; meeting contexts for recent marriages", "key_result": "among 18-34 unmarried, 81.4% of men and 84.3% of women intended to marry eventually — down from 85.7% and 89.3% in the previous wave; one in three unmarried people did not want to date; men increasingly valued women's economic power (48.2% vs 41.9% prior); women increasingly valued men's housework/childcare capacity (70.2% vs 57.7%); internet services including SNS and matching apps accounted for 13.6% of recent marriages", "causal_inference": "no; descriptive national statistics of intentions and statuses — intentions are not behavior, cross-sectional waves are not causal trends, and subgroup shares are not individual predictions", "limitations": "fielded June 2021 (COVID-delayed); intentions measured by self-report questionnaire; 18-54 unmarried denominator excludes 55+; shares describe the surveyed population at one point in time and neither rank individuals nor measure dating-app outcomes directly", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "IPSS official survey page and English summary checked 2026-08-23; methodology (sample sizes, response rates, fielding date) stated on-page; government primary source; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "JPAGE-003", "title": "The herbivore's dilemma: Trends in and factors associated with heterosexual relationship status and interest in romantic relationships among young adults in Japan — Analysis of national surveys, 1987–2015", "year": 2020, "authors_year": "Ghaznavi, Sakamoto, Nomura, Kubota, Yoneoka, Shibuya et al. / 2020", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241571" ], "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0241571", "pmid": null, "study_type": "trend analysis of seven rounds of the National Fertility Survey (1987-2015), nationally representative; relationship status and interest in heterosexual romance among 18-39 year olds", "sample": "11,683-17,675 respondents per survey round (18-39 years)", "outcomes": "age-standardized singlehood proportions; proportion of singles reporting no interest in romantic relationships; socioeconomic correlates", "key_result": "singlehood rose steadily from 27.4% (women)/40.3% (men) in 1992 to 40.7%/50.8% in 2015; around half of singles (21.4% of all women, 25.1% of all men aged 18-39) reported no interest in heterosexual romance; no-interest group had lower income/education and less regular employment; interest questions only asked in 2010 and 2015 rounds", "causal_inference": "no — descriptive national-survey trends; heterosexual relationships only (same-sex unavailable); kousai term undefined in instrument", "limitations": "self-reported interest at one time point per wave; authors note some no-interest respondents may prefer non-stable relationships", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PLOS One open-access full text checked 2026-08-23 (Ns, trends, findings consistent); peer-reviewed; widely cited Japan singlehood analysis", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "APP-006", "title": "A systematic review and meta-analysis of the mental health correlates of swiping-based dating app use", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Cela, Wood / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-026-00488-7", "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-026-00488-7", "https://www.nature.com/collections/ifgdcchaff", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42393202/" ], "doi": "10.1038/s44271-026-00488-7", "pmid": "42393202", "study_type": "systematic review and meta-analysis", "sample": "27 studies, N=21,263; swiping-based dating-app users and non-users; study settings and demographic composition are heterogeneous", "outcomes": "six theory-derived domains including emotional distress, appearance concerns, body-image disturbance, behavioral dysregulation, interpersonal sensitivity and general wellbeing", "key_result": "strongest reported associations were behavioral dysregulation g=0.44 and body-related outcomes g=0.32; general wellbeing was small and non-significant; sexual-minority participants showed elevated appearance/body-related vulnerability in the reported analyses", "causal_inference": "no; the review reports associations and highlights gaps in longitudinal and mechanistic evidence; pooled effects do not identify a universal causal app effect", "limitations": "PubMed labels the article online ahead of print and the Nature collection lists it as an open-access article dated 2026-07-02, but the direct Nature article page redirected to authentication during this check; version-of-record versus unedited status is therefore not certified. Study inclusion, swipe-based app definition, outcome heterogeneity, context and sexual-minority subgroup limits remain; do not merge its N or effects with APP-002 or turn them into diagnosis, Japanese prevalence or personal prediction", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "official PubMed and Nature collection surfaces checked 2026-09-08; direct Nature article retrieval was blocked by authentication redirect; bounded exact-title/DOI correction search found no correction/retraction notice on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "APP-007", "title": "Navigating Online Dating: Autistic Adults’ Experiences of Connections, Disclosure, and Safety", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Gibbs, Edwards, Cai, Love, Pearson et al. / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/25739581261442064", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/25739581261442064" ], "doi": "10.1177/25739581261442064", "pmid": null, "study_type": "convergent mixed-methods online survey with quantitative tests and conventional content analysis", "sample": "102 autistic adults with professional diagnosis or self-identification and dating-app/website experience; 57 women, 34 men, 9 nonbinary and 2 agender participants; most participants were in Australia and many were White and college-educated", "outcomes": "connections formed, autistic-identity disclosure and nondisclosure, responses to disclosure, unwanted sexual messages, verbal abuse and subgroup differences in victimization", "key_result": "83.3% had met someone in person through dating apps; 54.5% did not disclose on their profile; reported connection forms included long-term 49%, short-term 41.2% and casual 43.1%; 40% reported unwanted sexually explicit messages and 43% verbal abuse", "causal_inference": "no; descriptive and self-reported mixed-methods data do not estimate platform-wide prevalence, feature effects, causal safety effects, burnout or relationship success", "limitations": "Australia-heavy and socially selective sample, retrospective self-report, restricted full-text access in the checked publisher surface; percentages are study-reported experiences, not all-autistic or all-user risks, and subgroup differences are not personal predictions", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE article page, DOI and Community Brief checked 2026-08-14; full text is restricted and no correction notice was visible on the checked publisher surface", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-14" }, { "id": "APP-008", "title": "“On Grindr you’re selling body”: Sexual objectification on gay dating apps and its relationship with Australian sexual minority men’s body image and wellbeing", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Bowman, Drummond, Prichard & Petersen / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102108", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42161022/" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102108", "pmid": "42161022", "study_type": "qualitative study with online focus groups", "sample": "24 Australian sexual minority men aged 21–57 (M=34.42) who used both gay dating apps and mainstream apps; six focus groups; predominantly white Australian sample noted as a limitation", "outcomes": "comparative purposes of gay vs mainstream apps; visual/sexual self-presentation pressure; appearance-based social comparison on grid layouts; body-image and wellbeing concerns", "key_result": "participants framed gay apps as sex-focused spaces (“everyone is after sex”) and mainstream apps as relationship-focused; self-presentation was more sexualised on gay apps (“you’re selling boyfriend” vs “you’re selling body”); grid-style photo displays invited unavoidable appearance comparisons; some reported being blocked, ghosted or insulted after sharing photos; authors recommend developers reduce sexualising features and describe user-side protective behaviours", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative themes from a self-selected sample cannot establish how common these experiences are or that app design caused wellbeing outcomes", "limitations": "qualitative design with small, predominantly white Australian sample; experiences are not prevalence estimates for sexual minority men generally; no measured wellbeing outcomes; Japan-specific platforms and cultures not covered; findings do not rank users or convert themes into personal value", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "publisher ScienceDirect page bot-blocked this session; abstract verified via Semantic Scholar record and BPS Research Digest / Flinders University releases 2026-08-22; PubMed 42161022 exists; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-22" }, { "id": "APP-009", "title": "Depathologizing Queer Adults’ Dating App Use in Canada: Convergent Mixed Methods Study", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Sinno et al. / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.2196/72452", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12329389/" ], "doi": "10.2196/72452", "pmid": null, "study_type": "convergent mixed-methods study (online survey + interviews, structural equation model and reflexive thematic analysis)", "sample": "250 queer adults across Canada (average age 36.18; range 18–71; most identified as cis men, gay and single) recruited via Grindr advertisements with diversity-based selection; 22 one-on-one interview subsample", "outcomes": "intensity of dating app use vs life satisfaction, self-esteem, depression, anxiety; motivations (sex, romance, friendship, social approval); dating-app discrimination experiences; community connectedness", "key_result": "use intensity was associated with higher life satisfaction (β=0.31) and self-esteem (β=0.21) but not depression or anxiety; seeking social approval was associated with worse mental health while friendship-seeking related to community connection, which related to better outcomes; 95.6% (239/250) reported at least one app-related discrimination experience in the past year and discrimination was associated with worse mental health; interviewees described coping via expectation adjustment and platform features", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional SEM associations in a self-selected sample do not establish that apps improve or harm mental health", "limitations": "Grindr-recruited Canadian sample over-representing cis gay men; cross-sectional design cannot order cause and effect; discrimination measured by self-report scale; findings are not prevalence estimates for queer populations generally, not Japan-specific, not clinical guidance and not personal-value judgments", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "JMIR article page, PMC full text (open access) checked 2026-08-23; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "APP-010", "title": "Longitudinal Associations Between Dating App Use, Sexual Racism, and Mental Health Among Black and Latinx Gay and Bisexual Men: The Protective Roles of General Social Support and Identity-Specific Community Connection", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Kipke, Layland, Parra, Shepherd et al. / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000793", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41770145/" ], "doi": "10.1037/cdp0000793", "pmid": "41770145", "study_type": "longitudinal cohort study with moderated mediation path analysis", "sample": "412 Black and Latinx gay and bisexual men from three waves of the Healthy Young Men’s Cohort Study (US)", "outcomes": "dating app use; experienced sexual racism; psychological distress; moderators — general social support, gay community connection, racial/ethnic community connection", "key_result": "dating app use was associated with more sexual racism and sexual racism with more psychological distress; high (but not low) racial/ethnic community connection buffered the racism–distress link; the indirect path from app use through sexual racism to symptoms was significant only at low support/connection levels; authors call for reducing on-app racism and widening access to social connection", "causal_inference": "no; longitudinal observational associations in one US cohort cannot prove apps cause distress or that supports cause improvement; unmeasured confounding and self-selection remain", "limitations": "Black and Latinx gay/bisexual men only — findings do not extend to other groups or to Japan; sexual racism measured by self-report; status labels and effect sizes are cohort-specific; findings do not rank users, evaluate app features or provide personal mental-health guidance", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "APA PsycNet record and PubMed 41770145 checked 2026-08-23 via publisher-indexed abstract mirror (arXivlens full abstract text); DOI live; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "APP-011", "title": "Development and Validation of the Online and In-Person Dating App Facilitated Sexual Aggression Perpetration Scales for Men Who Have Sex with Men (O-DAFSA-P-MSM and IP-DAFSA-P-MSM)", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Chadwick, Woerner, Lewis & Schrimshaw / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2026.2632175", "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e36b3ac425ab959701b39e63e61541ebb073a43a" ], "doi": "10.1080/00224499.2026.2632175", "pmid": null, "study_type": "three-phase psychometric scale development and validation study", "sample": "Phase 2 exploratory sample N = 353 MSM; Phase 3 confirmatory independent sample N = 579 MSM (US); measurement invariance tested across Black/Hispanic-Latino/White and gay/bisexual subgroups", "outcomes": "dating app facilitated sexual aggression (DAFSA) perpetration during online communication and first in-person meetings; factor structure; convergent/divergent validity", "key_result": "O-DAFSA-P-MSM (25 items, 3 subscales: Threats and Aggression, Blocking and Rejection, Message/Image-Based Harassment) and IP-DAFSA-P-MSM (14 items, unidimensional) showed supported factor structures, measurement invariance across race/ethnicity and orientation, positive associations with DAFSA perpetration indicators and negative associations with social desirability; average frequencies were generally low; group comparisons are descriptive within-sample contrasts, not population rates", "causal_inference": "no; validation statistics establish measurement properties, not prevalence estimates or causal risk factors for individuals", "limitations": "MSM only, US samples, self-reported perpetration subject to social desirability bias; low average frequencies limit subgroup power; findings neither rank user groups as dangerous nor evaluate specific apps' moderation systems nor provide personal safety guidance", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "V", "correction_retraction_check": "T&F full text bot-blocked this session; abstract verified via Semantic Scholar API record checked 2026-08-23 (title/authors/venue/year match DOI landing metadata); DOI live; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "APP-012", "title": "Loneliness, depression, and generalized anxiety across eight countries", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Abdalla, Galea et al. (WashU) / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-025-03029-5", "https://source.washu.edu/2026/03/nearly-half-of-young-adults-report-loneliness-in-eight-country-study/" ], "doi": "10.1007/s00127-025-03029-5", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative survey data; logistic models of screening criteria by loneliness status", "sample": "7,997 adults in Brazil, France, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, the Philippines, Turkey and the US (~1,000 per country), fielded Nov 2023–Feb 2024", "outcomes": "loneliness prevalence by age/sex/income/marital status/residence; odds of meeting depression and generalized-anxiety screening criteria", "key_result": "~4 in 10 adults reported loneliness, rising to nearly 1 in 2 among ages 18–24 vs ~30% at 55+; lonely respondents had almost 3× the odds of depression and nearly 4× the odds of generalized anxiety; association consistent across all eight countries despite prevalence variation (3.4% India – 15.8% Brazil)", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional associations — direction may run both ways (loneliness deepens symptoms; symptoms drive withdrawal); no causal claim made by authors", "limitations": "self-report screening criteria rather than clinical diagnosis; single-item or brief loneliness measures vary across surveys; unmarried status is a correlate here, not evidence about dating apps or relationship market position", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "WashU institutional news page and journal DOI checked 2026-08-23 (sample, fielding window, key ORs consistent); peer-reviewed Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology article; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "APP-013", "title": "Gone with the wind: Exploring mobile daters' ghosting experiences", "year": 2021, "authors_year": "Timmermans, Hermans & Opree / 2021", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520970287" ], "doi": "10.1177/0265407520970287", "pmid": null, "study_type": "mixed-methods survey: thematic analysis of open-ended responses plus quantitative models of ghosting likelihood and pain ratings", "sample": "328 mobile dating app users (63% female, 86% heterosexual), recruited via Prolific; current or recent app users with ghosting experience", "outcomes": "motivations to ghost; consequences of being ghosted; coping strategies; predictors of finding ghosting more painful", "key_result": "being ghosted was reported as painful and associated with lower self-esteem and mental well-being; ghosters' motives were heterogeneous — not necessarily harmful or conscious intent (e.g., avoiding confrontation, losing interest); coping insight helps users rationalize the experience and limit impact", "causal_inference": "no; self-selected cross-sectional self-reports of a single behavior class — no prevalence estimate from the general population, no causal claims about apps or users", "limitations": "ghosting defined by participants' own understanding; sample skewed female/heterosexual/WEIRD; pain is retrospective self-assessment", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE record and Semantic Scholar abstract checked 2026-08-23 (sample, method, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 38(2); no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "APP-014", "title": "Sexual harassment, aggression and violence victimisation among mobile dating app and website users in Australia", "year": 2022, "authors_year": "Wolbers, Boxall, Long & Gunnoo (Australian Institute of Criminology) / 2022", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.52922/rr78740", "https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/rr/rr25" ], "doi": "10.52922/rr78740", "pmid": null, "study_type": "national online survey of dating platform users; descriptive prevalence with subgroup comparisons; peer-reviewed government research report", "sample": "9,987 Australian dating app or website users; nationally representative recruitment within the user population", "outcomes": "online DAFSV (sexual harassment, abusive/threatening language, unsolicited sexual images); in-person DAFSV (sexual assault or coercion, reproductive/sexual-health abuse, in-person image-based abuse); repeat victimisation; perpetrator blocking/unmatching after harm", "key_result": "three-quarters of users experienced online DAFSV in the last five years (72.3% per secondary citations); one-third experienced in-person DAFSV from someone met via a platform; repeat victimisation common; rates highest among LGB+ users", "causal_inference": "no; prevalence survey of a user population — describes who reported what, not causal effects of platforms, not incidence outside the recall window, not generalisation to non-user populations or other countries", "limitations": "self-report retrospective over 5 years; sample restricted to current/recent users; severity varies widely within aggregate categories", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "AIC publication page checked 2026-08-23 (authors, DOI 10.52922/rr78740, abstract with headline figures consistent across AIC page, media release and ANU records); peer-reviewed government research series; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "APP-015", "title": "Dating App Use and Sexual Risk: Understanding the Associations between Casual Sex Motivation, Number of Sexual Partners, and STI Diagnoses", "year": 2023, "authors_year": "Wang, Chen & Wu / 2023", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2023.2184898", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10903589/" ], "doi": "10.1080/19317611.2023.2184898", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional online survey with serial mediation modeling linking casual-sex motivation to STI diagnoses via partner number and risky behavior", "sample": "582 heterosexual Chinese dating-app users with sexual experience (from 1,046 screened), majority using Tantan or Momo", "outcomes": "casual sex motivation; number of app-met partners; frequency of risky sexual behavior; self-reported STI diagnoses", "key_result": "casual-sex motivation was NOT directly related to STI diagnoses; risky sexual behavior raised odds of STI diagnosis (OR≈1.79); partner count and motivation linked to diagnoses only through risky behavior — the behavior, not the platform use itself, carries the risk; women in sample reported more diagnoses", "causal_inference": "no causal claims possible (cross-sectional convenience sample); direction of effects ambiguous per authors", "limitations": "single-country young sample; self-reported diagnoses; heterosexual users only", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PMC open-access full text checked 2026-08-23 (N=582, mediation results consistent); peer-reviewed journal article; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "APP-016", "title": "Meeting partners online is related to lower relationship satisfaction and love: Data from 50 countries", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Kowal, Sorokowski, Bode, Misiak, Malecki, Sorokowska & Roberts / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2025.102309", "https://storre.stir.ac.uk/handle/1893/37426?mode=full" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.tele.2025.102309", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-cultural survey with nationally representative samples comparing relationship satisfaction and experienced love between online-met and offline-met couples", "sample": "6,646 partnered individuals across 50 countries (mean age 41.45); 16% met their partner online (21% among relationships started after 2010)", "outcomes": "meeting context; relationship satisfaction; intensity of experienced love (intimacy, passion, commitment)", "key_result": "online-met participants reported lower satisfaction and love intensity than offline-met — effects small to medium and persisted after demographic controls; shorter-relationship and lower-SES individuals more likely to have met online; no gender or age differences in likelihood of online formation", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — cross-sectional self-selection into meeting contexts is uncontrolled; the authors frame the result as a support need, not an indictment of online meeting", "limitations": "retrospective self-report of meeting context; satisfaction differences small-medium not deterministic; country samples vary", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "ScienceDirect abstract + Stirling repository record checked 2026-08-23 (N=6,646, 50 countries, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Telematics and Informatics 101; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "APP-017", "title": "Investigating relationships between loneliness, social isolation and health", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Hilliard, Wootton, Sallis, Qualter ら / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-74758-7" ], "doi": "10.1038/s41467-026-74758-7", "pmid": null, "study_type": "triangulation of observational, sibling-control and Mendelian randomisation analyses estimating effects of loneliness and social isolation on health outcomes", "sample": "UK Biobank data (N=8,004 to 414,432 across analyses) plus GWAS summary data (N=17,526 to 2,083,151)", "outcomes": "mental health and wellbeing outcomes; general health (multimorbidity); specific physical health outcomes", "key_result": "evidence for effects of loneliness AND social isolation on poorer mental health and wellbeing, and of loneliness on poorer general health; no evidence of effects on specific physical health outcomes found (cannot be definitively ruled out); sibling comparisons help address family-level confounding", "causal_inference": "partly — MR strengthens causal direction claims relative to observation alone, but estimates rely on instrument assumptions and European-ancestry data; binary exposure limits interpretability to direction", "limitations": "UK Biobank participants healthier and less deprived than the general population; MR restricted to European ancestry; loneliness measured by two self-report items", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Nature Communications full text checked 2026-08-23 (triangulation design, Ns, headline findings consistent with Bristol press release); peer-reviewed open access; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "APP-018", "title": "Investigating the social benefits of long-distance romantic relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "DiGiovanni, Valshtein, Harris, Zoppolat, Balzarini & Slatcher / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075251371365" ], "doi": "10.1177/02654075251371365", "pmid": null, "study_type": "pre-registered multinational six-wave longitudinal study; propensity score matching compared long-distance vs cohabiting couples on conflict and passion; within-person modeling", "sample": "1,772 observations across six pandemic waves (multinational sample)", "outcomes": "一般 conflict frequency; passion; time spent with partner; heterogeneity of trajectories", "key_result": "contrary to hypotheses, LDRRs reported LOWER conflict and HIGHER passion than cohabiting couples on average; across both types, more time together associated with lower conflict and more passion; ~19% of individuals showed atypical patterns — averages hide real diversity; challenges assumptions that distance breeds fragility during stress", "causal_inference": "no causal claims about distance itself — propensity matching reduces selection bias but couples self-select into living arrangements; pandemic context limits generalization", "limitations": "COVID-19 period only; multinational but pandemic-specific conditions", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE abstract checked 2026-08-24 (design, N observations, findings consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 43(2):636-663", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "APP-019", "title": "The Weathering and Flaring Processes of Sexual Minority Stressors on Psychological Distress: Disentangling the Within- and Between-Person Effects", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Zhang & Hubach / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-026-03412-6" ], "doi": "10.1007/s10508-026-03412-6", "pmid": null, "study_type": "three-year longitudinal multilevel analysis disentangling within-person (flaring) and between-person (weathering) effects of three minority stressors on psychological distress", "sample": "985 sexual minority participants (519 women, 466 men), three annual waves", "outcomes": "everyday discrimination; felt stigma; internalized homophobia; psychological distress; age as moderator", "key_result": "everyday discrimination and internalized homophobia tracked distress at the WITHIN-person level (flaring: when they rise for an individual, distress rises too); all three stressors associated at the BETWEEN-person level (weathering: cumulative burden); age moderated both levels — the two-level distinction matters for interpretation", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — observational longitudinal design; stressors and distress may mutually influence", "limitations": "self-report measures; single-country sample", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "Springer record checked 2026-08-24 (N=985, three waves, within/between findings consistent); peer-reviewed Archives of Sexual Behavior 55:1413-1428", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "APP-020", "title": "“I Wanted Them to Think That I Wrote That”: AI-Generated Self-Presentation on Dating Apps and Implications of Non-Disclosure on Informed Consent", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Barkallah, ... , Zytko et al. / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3772318.3791593" ], "doi": "10.1145/3772318.3791593", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative open-ended survey thematically coded; users who applied generative AI to dating-app profiles or messages later seen by in-person meeting partners", "sample": "N=113 online daters from 15 countries (recruited via HCI research platform; 151 responses screened to 113)", "outcomes": "AI-use purposes (authenticity / enhancement / fabrication); disclosure decisions and rationales; consent implications", "key_result": "most common use was fabricating an attractive dating personality regardless of fit with actual identity (“AI-as-self”); predominantly TEXT content (bios, messages), not photos — so use is not inevitably discovered face-to-face; most participants did not disclose AI use to meeting partners, chiefly to avoid rejection; a minority disclosed for transparency; authors position non-disclosure as an informed-consent risk factor", "causal_inference": "no prevalence estimates — self-selected sample of AI users only; qualitative themes not frequencies", "limitations": "English-only survey; recruitment-platform sample", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "ACM DL abstract + CHI 2026 program page checked 2026-08-24 (N=113, 15 countries, findings consistent); peer-reviewed CHI 2026", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "APP-021", "title": "Phone or affection?: Assessing dyadic perceptions of partner phubbing, affection deprivation, and relationship satisfaction", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Denes, Guest, Webber, Gorin & Cornelius / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075251364560" ], "doi": "10.1177/02654075251364560", "pmid": null, "study_type": "dyadic SEM (actor-partner) of perceived partner phubbing, affection deprivation and relationship satisfaction during COVID-19 lockdown", "sample": "51 cohabiting couples (N=102), three major US cities, April-September 2020; mean age 36.3", "outcomes": "perceived partner phubbing; affection deprivation; relationship satisfaction; phubbing similarity", "key_result": "perceiving a partner as phubbing associated with greater affection deprivation, which was associated with lower relationship satisfaction (indirect effect significant); partner effects also present — one's deprivation tracked the partner's satisfaction too; PHUBBING SIMILARITY did not buffer: both partners phubbing equally did not reduce harm; cross-sectional baseline so causal order unknown", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — single time point, perception-based; unhappy partners may perceive more phubbing or vice versa", "limitations": "pandemic-specific context; small N=102; Fitbit-based eligibility skews sample", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE journal page + UConn release + PsyPost checked 2026-08-24 (Ns, mediation findings consistent); peer-reviewed Journal of Social and Personal Relationships", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "APP-022", "title": "User experiences of reporting dating app facilitated sexual violence to dating platforms", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Wolbers, Boxall, Long & Gunnoo (AIC) / 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.52922/ti77314", "https://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi688" ], "doi": "10.52922/ti77314", "pmid": null, "study_type": "survey of victim-survivors who had reported dating-app-facilitated sexual violence (DAFSV) to the platform; descriptive and subgroup analysis", "sample": "N=1,555 Australian dating platform users who had made a DAFSV report", "outcomes": "reporting experience satisfaction; future reporting intentions; police referral; gender and sexual identity subgroups", "key_result": "overall positive experiences with platform responses; BUT experiences differed by identity — LGB+ women reported the lowest satisfaction with platform responses, heterosexual men the highest; satisfied respondents more likely to say they would report again; those given information about other services were more likely to report the incident to police", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — self-selected sample of people who already reported; retrospective satisfaction self-report", "limitations": "Australia only; excludes non-reporters (survivorship in sample); platform mix unspecified", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "AIC publication page and DOI redirect checked 2026-09-09 (N=1,555, subgroup findings consistent); peer-reviewed government research agency report series; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-09" }, { "id": "APP-023", "title": "The online dating effect: Where a couple meets predicts the quality of their marriage", "year": 2023, "authors_year": "Sharabi & Dorrance Hall / 2023", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.107973" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.chb.2023.107973", "pmid": null, "study_type": "retrospective survey of married couples comparing app-met vs offline-met marriages on satisfaction, closeness, and communication patterns", "sample": "N=923 U.S. married adults (met spouse 2005-2019 or so; half met via dating apps)", "outcomes": "marital satisfaction; closeness; maintenance behaviors; how-couple-met venue; family/friend approval mediation", "key_result": "app-met spouses reported LOWER marital satisfaction, closeness, and less frequent relationship maintenance than offline-met; effect mediated partly by family/friend APPROVAL — offline-met couples had more social endorsement, which fed quality; differences were SMALL (marginal effect sizes); earlier Cacioppo 2013 found opposite sign — literature is mixed, not settled", "causal_inference": "no causal claims — retrospective self-report; selection into venues not randomized; cohort confounds possible", "limitations": "US only; married-only sample excludes non-marital trajectories", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "ScienceDirect page + CyberPsychology replication checked 2026-08-24 (findings consistent: small negative link for marital relationships, moderated by social-media relationship talk); peer-reviewed Computers in Human Behavior", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "APP-024", "title": "Motives for using Tinder and mental health in young adults: the roles of loneliness and problematic use", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Ogresta, Kramarić & Tarle / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-026-09517-4", "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12144-026-09517-4" ], "doi": "10.1007/s12144-026-09517-4", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional survey with path model, exploratory multigroup analysis by gender", "sample": "204 active Tinder users (51% female), aged 18–35 (M=25.98, SD=3.71)", "outcomes": "Tinder Use Motivation Scale; UCLA Loneliness Scale short form; Problematic Tinder Use Scale; DASS", "key_result": "love and sex motives associated with problematic Tinder use indirectly through loneliness; serial pathway loneliness → problematic use → internalizing problems; love and boredom motives also directly associated with problematic use; women reported higher love/self-esteem motives, men higher sex/boredom motives; no gender difference in loneliness or problematic use", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report — loneliness may precede or follow motives/use, models are exploratory, no causal ordering established", "limitations": "modest N=204 for multigroup path analysis; single-country young-adult Tinder-only sample; women’s motive–outcome paths largely non-significant with between-gender differences not significant either; self-report scales only", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Springer article page citation meta tags checked 2026-08-25 (Current Psychology vol 45 issue 10, online 2026-05-25); Crossref record checked same day (authors Ogresta, Kramarić, Tarle); no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-25" }, { "id": "APP-025", "title": "Can dating app cultures support emotional health and well-being in future pandemics?", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Heaphy, Garcia Iglesias, Yodovich & Xiong / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2026.2637151", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41848557/", "https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/can-dating-app-cultures-support-emotional-health-and-well-being-i/" ], "doi": "10.1080/13691058.2026.2637151", "pmid": "41848557", "study_type": "mixed-methods UK study (survey + interviews), retrospective around COVID-19", "sample": "heterosexual and LGBT+ dating app users in the UK; data collected Jan–Nov 2023; non-probabilistic sample with LGBQ+ oversampling", "outcomes": "perceived emotional-health resources from apps; dialogical and friend-like intimate/social connections; change in resource availability after the COVID-19 crisis", "key_result": "during lockdowns apps provided connection resources that mitigated loneliness and supported emotional health; availability declined after the crisis period; access was uneven across gendered cultures of sexuality; authors frame apps as candidate digital relational infrastructure for future pandemic planning with privacy/safety and commercial-incentive caveats", "causal_inference": "no; retrospective cross-sectional self-report and narrative accounts — pandemic-era support cannot be read as an app effect, and causal claims are excluded by design", "limitations": "non-probabilistic voluntary sampling limits external validity; recall bias in retrospective accounts; UK-only context; findings describe crisis-period use, not everyday app effects", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record checked 2026-08-25 (Culture, Health & Sexuality; online 2026-03-18; authors confirmed); PubMed 41848557 abstract checked same day; publisher full text bot-walled this session so findings verified via PubMed abstract and DOI landing metadata; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-25" }, { "id": "APP-026", "title": "Loneliness and AI chatbot dependence in young adults: the mediating role of perceived social support", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Uğuz, Doğan & Güngör / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-026-04916-5", "https://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40359-026-04916-5" ], "doi": "10.1186/s40359-026-04916-5", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional relational survey with structural equation modeling (SEM), bootstrapped mediation", "sample": "610 young adults aged 18–30 in Türkiye; online questionnaire", "outcomes": "UCLA Loneliness Scale–6; AI Chatbot Dependence Scale; Perceived Social Support Scale", "key_result": "loneliness positively associated with AI chatbot dependence and negatively with perceived social support; social support negatively associated with chatbot dependence; loneliness predicted chatbot dependence directly and indirectly with perceived social support as partial mediator — social support networks may act as a protective factor", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional SEM — direction of loneliness ↔ dependence cannot be established and mediation models on single-timepoint data describe covariance structure, not causal chains", "limitations": "single-country sample (Türkiye); self-report scales; AI chatbots are broader than romantic companion apps so the dependence construct is not companion-app-specific; model fit is acceptable, not conclusive", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "BMC Psychology full text checked 2026-08-26 (abstract: methods N=610, measures, SEM results consistent); open access; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "APP-027", "title": "Dating app-facilitated infidelity, sexual attitudes, and personality", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Freyth / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1782214", "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1782214/full" ], "doi": "10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1782214", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional online survey with sex-stratified ANOVA", "sample": "495 German-speaking respondents aged 16–70 (288 men, 207 women; M=41.99), single and partnered app users", "outcomes": "Tinder-sex prevalence by relationship status; narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, sexual compulsivity; condom use / contraception responsibility / drinking on dates; sexual satisfaction", "key_result": "partnered users were more likely than single users to report app-facilitated sex (both sexes); male users reporting app sex scored higher on Machiavellianism and sexual compulsivity; Machiavellian and sexually satisfied women were more likely to cheat via apps; app users scored higher on sexual compulsivity than non-users — individual lifestyle and personality matter more for public sexual health than country differences", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report — no causal claims about apps causing infidelity or personality driving behavior are warranted", "limitations": "single-country German panel with incentive; self-selected participants; small subgroup sizes in some ANOVAs; infidelity is self-reported sensitive behavior", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Frontiers full text checked 2026-08-26 (abstract, methods N=495, stratified results consistent); open access CC-BY; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "APP-028", "title": "How I Met My Partner: Online Dating and the Homogamy Gap Between Same-Sex and Different-Sex Couples", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Park / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.70072" ], "doi": "10.1111/jomf.70072", "pmid": null, "study_type": "secondary analysis of 2017 HCMST survey; regression + SEM mediation + interaction models", "sample": "US adults in same-sex and different-sex couples (HCMST 2017); partnership type, meeting online, homogamy outcomes", "outcomes": "racial, educational, and age homogamy by partnership type and meeting context", "key_result": "~31.9% of same-sex vs 10.1% of different-sex couples met online; same-sex couples less homogamous in race/education/age; online dating associated with ~37.4% lower odds of a 6+ year age gap for both couple types and SUPPRESSES the age homogamy gap between them; no meaningful explanation of racial/educational gaps; among same-sex couples only, meeting online associated with higher racial heterogamy — structural partner-market constraints likely matter more than the meeting channel", "causal_inference": "no; observational cross-sectional survey — selection into online dating cannot be separated from preferences (users may differ in attitudes toward heterogamy a priori); platform design vs user preference not separable", "limitations": "single US survey wave; self-reported meeting context; homogamy measured at couple level, not individual choice", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI landing page abstract checked 2026-08-26 (objective/methods/results/conclusion consistent); Journal of Marriage and Family is a top-tier family demography journal; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "APP-029", "title": "Sex differences in digital dating app use and app-mediated sexual and health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Yıldız Karaahmet, Bilgiç & Dişli Çetinçay / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1093/sexmed/qfag079", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42639274/" ], "doi": "10.1093/sexmed/qfag079", "pmid": "42639274", "study_type": "systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis (PRISMA 2020, PROSPERO-registered)", "sample": "22 observational studies published 2008–2025; sex-disaggregated data on app use and outcomes", "outcomes": "prevalence of dating app use; app-mediated casual encounters; sexual function; sexual orientation distribution; STI history", "key_result": "women significantly less likely than men to report dating app use (OR=0.46); among users, women had lower odds of sexual function impairment (OR=0.37) and were less likely to report a sexual minority orientation (OR=0.34); NO significant sex differences in casual encounters, intercourse experience, STI history or partner-seeking channel — behaviors are not sex-neutral but the popular \"women take all the risk\" framing is unsupported", "causal_inference": "no; observational synthesis with substantial heterogeneity (I²=88–97% across outcomes) — pooled ORs describe association not causation", "limitations": "very high heterogeneity limits interpretability; observational studies only; outcome definitions vary across included studies", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref abstract checked 2026-08-26 (PRISMA/PROSPERO registration, 22 studies, key ORs consistent); open access; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "APP-030", "title": "Effects of everyday discrimination on sexual minority people’s experiences of health care stereotype threat", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Groh & Shen / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2026.119674", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42570383/" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.socscimed.2026.119674", "pmid": "42570383", "study_type": "secondary analysis of national probability dataset (Generations study)", "sample": "1,244 sexual minority people in the US (cisgender SGM subgroups compared)", "outcomes": "everyday discrimination; healthcare stereotype threat (HCST); attribution of discrimination to sexual orientation; stigma, psychological distress, self-rated health as covariates", "key_result": "everyday discrimination positively associated with HCST net of stigma, distress and self-rated health; gay men show a stronger discrimination–HCST association than sexual minority women; attribution of discrimination to sexual orientation explains more of the orientation–HCST link for gay men than other subgroups — everyday discriminatory treatment shapes expectations of bias in healthcare settings", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional observational data — associations do not establish that discrimination causes HCST", "limitations": "cisgender SGM subsamples only; US context; self-report measures; cross-sectional design cannot rule out reverse pathways", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "D", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract checked 2026-08-26 (dataset N=1244, findings consistent); online-ahead-of-print noted; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "APP-031", "title": "Editing selfies, eroding satisfaction: Random-intercept cross-lagged panel analyses of bidirectional links between photo-editing behaviors and body satisfaction in women", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Feng, He, Huang, Xu & Xu / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102083", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41905191/" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102083", "pmid": "41905191", "study_type": "three-wave longitudinal study (6-month intervals over 1 year), random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM)", "sample": "1,160 Chinese women aged 16–43", "outcomes": "photo-editing frequency and extent; body satisfaction; covariates incl. social media appearance comparisons", "key_result": "within-person increases in both frequency and extent of photo-editing predicted subsequent declines in body satisfaction across all intervals (β=−0.25 to −0.45, large effects); body satisfaction did not predict T1→T2 editing but lower satisfaction at T2 predicted increased editing at T3 (β=−0.15 to −0.21): a reinforcing within-person cycle — directional evidence beyond cross-sectional designs, suggesting photo-editing as an intervention target", "causal_inference": "no; observational longitudinal design — RI-CLPM strengthens temporal ordering of within-person associations but does not establish causation; unmeasured time-varying confounders remain", "limitations": "Chinese women only; selfie-editing context may not generalize to all app photo behaviors; self-report measures", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed abstract checked 2026-08-26 (three-wave N=1160, RI-CLPM results consistent); no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "APP-032", "title": "How Online Dating Motivations and Social Networks Affect Warranting Value and Interpersonal Impressions", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Vendemia / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000486" ], "doi": "10.1027/1864-1105/a000486", "pmid": null, "study_type": "online experiment (warranting theory)", "sample": "viewers of dating profiles; manipulation of relational motivations and connections to broader social networks", "outcomes": "authenticity judgments; anticipated future interaction beliefs; trustworthiness; goodwill; relational uncertainty", "key_result": "romantic relationship motives heightened viewers’ anticipated future interaction beliefs which bolstered perceived authenticity, trustworthiness and goodwill of the profile owner; connections to the dater’s broader social networks reduced relational uncertainty — third-party information functions as a warrant for self-presented profile claims", "causal_inference": "yes for experimental effects on viewer perceptions — randomized manipulation supports causal claims about how motives and network cues shape impressions; no claims about actual honesty of profile owners or long-term relationship outcomes", "limitations": "viewer-side perceptions only (not verified against actual behavior); single-platform profile stimuli; US college-age sample typical of this literature", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "Abstract checked via Ovid journal record 2026-08-27 (experiment design, warranting results consistent); advance online 2025-08-12, issue 2026; no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-27" }, { "id": "BIAS-008", "title": "Individualized responsibility, policing, and surveillance: Examining the carceral logic in dating app companies’ approaches to safety", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Dietzel, Duguay, Matharu, Parry, Johnson et al. / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/29768624261438306", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/29768624261438306" ], "doi": "10.1177/29768624261438306", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative constructivist document analysis", "sample": "30 dating apps available in Canada; 447 public safety materials collected September–December 2023, including terms, privacy policies, community guidelines and safety tips; purposive sample of popular and identity-targeted apps", "outcomes": "platform safety discourse around individual responsibility, peer and law-enforcement policing, surveillance and data exchange, transparency and user autonomy", "key_result": "three themes framed safety through individual responsibility, peer/law-enforcement reporting and surveillance-based features that exchange personal, visual or biometric data for perceived protection", "causal_inference": "no; material analysis does not estimate user harm, feature effectiveness, privacy-breach rates, safety outcomes or causal effects", "limitations": "Canada app-store sample, documents gathered in 2023, platform materials rather than user practices/outcomes, qualitative coding and changing policies; not Japanese platform coverage, actual user risk or universal app comparison", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE official article page, DOI, history and abstract checked 2026-09-08 (first published online 2026-04-15; issue published January–December 2026); no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "BIAS-009", "title": "Safety work repertoires and dating platforms: How users of Tinder and Bumble manage their safety", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Riedl / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2026.2639563", "https://www.martinriedl.com/publication/safety-work-repertoires-and-dating-platforms-how-users-of-tinder-and-bumble-manage-their-safety-in-press/" ], "doi": "10.1080/1369118X.2026.2639563", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative study with in-depth interviews", "sample": "42 dating app users of Tinder and Bumble in the United States", "outcomes": "users’ self-developed “safety work repertoires”: vetting others, strategic (non)disclosure of information, considering platform migration, avoiding cross-platform traceability, careful meeting-spot selection, looping others in", "key_result": "users do not rely on platforms alone for safety and instead assemble personal repertoires that draw on community-based practices; the authors read this against governance regimes that individualize and self-responsibilize safety, arguing repertoires collectivize rather than privatize safety work", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative interview themes describe user strategies and cannot measure safety outcomes, feature effectiveness or risk rates", "limitations": "US sample of 42 self-selected interviewees; themes are experiences, not prevalence; no Japanese platforms or cultural context; findings do not evaluate platform safety features, assign blame to victims or provide a guaranteed personal safety checklist", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "author’s official publication page (full abstract) and T&F DOI page checked 2026-08-23; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "BIAS-010", "title": "More Than Just a “Bad” Online Experience: Risk Factors and Characteristics of Catfishing Fraud Victimization", "year": 2024, "authors_year": "Snyder & Golladay / 2024", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/01639625.2024.2416071", "https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/udbh20/47/1" ], "doi": "10.1080/01639625.2024.2416071", "pmid": null, "study_type": "quantitative survey study applying lifestyle-routine activities (LRAT) and self-control frameworks", "sample": "online survey sample of catfishing fraud victims; recruited via social platforms; US context; demographics reported in the article", "outcomes": "catfishing victimization experiences; low self-control; risky online and offline lifestyles; victim characteristics", "key_result": "both online and offline routine activities were associated with catfishing risk, supporting the application of the LRAT framework to this victimization type; low self-control and specific lifestyle patterns characterized victims", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report associations among victims cannot establish causal risk factors for the general population", "limitations": "victim-only sample without a public non-victim comparison detail; retrospective self-report; US context; findings describe correlates within this victim sample and do not predict who will be victimized, measure Japanese platform contexts or rank user vulnerability", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "T&F volume page and DOI checked 2026-08-23; Semantic Scholar record exposes abstract; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "BIAS-011", "title": "Dating App Safety Among Older Women in Australia: Using Informational Videos for Effective Safety Messaging Delivery", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Turley, Cattoni & Corbett-Jarvis / first published online 2025; Volume 32 Issue 10 (August 2026)", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/10778012251366224", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13260758/" ], "doi": "10.1177/10778012251366224", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative study: character-driven educational safety videos followed by survey, analyzed with reflexive thematic analysis", "sample": "121 cisgender women aged 55 and over in Australia who use or may use dating apps; viewed three educational safety videos then completed a survey", "outcomes": "dating app safety concerns (harassment, scams); modality of safety messaging; video-based knowledge building; behavioral change", "key_result": "reflexive thematic analysis generated four themes — safety concerns, modalities of safety messaging, video-based knowledge building and behavioral change; findings inform targeted intervention development and suggest memorable visual alternatives to text-based safety information", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative evaluation of messaging format cannot measure harassment prevalence, scam rates or the causal effectiveness of any intervention", "limitations": "cisgender women only, single-country Australian sample, video-evaluation design rather than a measured safety outcome trial; themes do not estimate risk levels, evaluate platform features or provide a guaranteed personal safety method", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE official article page and Volume 32 Issue 10 table of contents checked 2026-09-08 (first published online 2025-08-07; issue published August 2026; citation metadata and abstract verified); no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "BIAS-012", "title": "The Algorithmic Mirror: Knowledge Creation and Self-Perception in Dating Applications", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Viduchinsky / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3772318.3790901", "https://api.semanticscholar.org/graph/v1/paper/DOI:10.1145/3772318.3790901" ], "doi": "10.1145/3772318.3790901", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative study: semi-structured interviews with sense-making analysis", "sample": "15 OkCupid users (CHI 2026 conference paper venue: International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems)", "outcomes": "how users interpret algorithmic classification of themselves; knowledge typology — Folk, Personal, Academic; dual-audience performance for humans and machines", "key_result": "users construct three knowledge forms (Folk, Personal, Academic) to redefine themselves against the algorithm; 'algorithmic other' framed as statistical counterpart to Mead's generalized other; users perform for a dual audience of humans and machines, demanding emotional labor", "causal_inference": "no; interview study describes interpretation practices among a small self-selected sample, not algorithm behavior, platform mechanics, or population-level effects", "limitations": "single-platform (OkCupid), N=15, self-selected interviewees; findings describe user narratives about an opaque system rather than verified system internals; no visibility metrics, no outcome measurement, no Japan context", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "ACM full text bot-blocked this session; abstract verified via Semantic Scholar API record checked 2026-08-23 (title/authors/venue/year consistent); no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "BIAS-013", "title": "Cultural and Gender Influences on Facial Attractiveness: A Comparative Study of Japanese and American Raters Using Geometric Morphometrics", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Sano, Kawabata / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.70065", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12856234" ], "doi": "10.1002/pchj.70065", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two web experiments rating standardized facial images; statistical + geometric-morphometric analysis of which features drive attractiveness judgments", "sample": "Exp 1: 173 Japanese raters (85 men, 87 women); Exp 2: 282 American raters; 160 images rated in both experiments (~67 raters per image)", "outcomes": "attractiveness ratings by rater gender/age/culture; morphological features correlated with high ratings", "key_result": "ratings correlated positively across rater gender, age and culture (universal component of relative agreement); but the features driving judgments differed: Japanese raters favored raised eyebrows on attractive male faces and smaller mouths on attractive female faces vs Americans; Japanese ratings were moderate with small variance while American ratings were extreme with large variance; women raters scored higher than men", "causal_inference": "no — descriptive perceptual study; shows both shared ranking and culturally variable feature weighting, no causal claims about beauty standards or interventions", "limitations": "still images only; Japanese sample all-Asian, American sample race recorded only as White/Black; platform conditions differed between countries", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "Wiley full text via PMC open access checked 2026-08-23 (N per experiment, methods, morphometric results consistent); peer-reviewed Psych Journal / Wiley; no correction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-23" }, { "id": "BIAS-014", "title": "Visual deception in online dating: How gender shapes AI-generated image detection", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Lidor Ivan / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbah.2025.100208" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.chbah.2025.100208", "pmid": null, "study_type": "online experiment: participants rated real and AI-generated profile photos for perceived origin with open-ended justifications; grounded in Truth-Default Theory", "sample": "831 American heterosexual online daters", "outcomes": "detection accuracy for AI-generated images; gender differences; detection strategies (visual inconsistencies, perfection cues, technical flaws)", "key_result": "detection accuracy fell below chance overall; women outperformed men at spotting AI images but were also more likely to misclassify real ones — heightened but misplaced skepticism; three heuristic strategies identified; introduces the Learning Loop: users adapt strategies, AI adapts back, users recalibrate — visual trust is unstable by design", "causal_inference": "yes for experimental detection-accuracy estimates within this task; no for platform-specific prevalence of AI images or long-run adaptation", "limitations": "US heterosexual sample; single session; AI image quality as of study period only", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "ScienceDirect abstract checked 2026-08-24 (N=831, below-chance accuracy, Learning Loop framing consistent); peer-reviewed Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans 6:100208", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "BIAS-015", "title": "The relative importance of looks, height, job, bio, intelligence, and homophily in online dating: A conjoint analysis", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Witmer, Rosenbusch, Meral / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2024.100579" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.chbr.2024.100579", "pmid": null, "study_type": "conjoint analysis of real swiping decisions on an online dating platform, isolating simultaneous attribute effects (field-observational, not lab vignettes)", "sample": "5,340 swiping decisions by 445 hetero- and bisexual online daters", "outcomes": "relative importance of physical attractiveness, height, job, intelligence, biography text, and selector-target homophily for selection success", "key_result": "physical attractiveness dominated: a one SD improvement raised selection success by roughly 20 percent, while intelligence improved chances by about 2 percent; effects of intelligence, height, bio, occupation and self-reported homophily were literature-consistent but 7 to 20 times smaller than attractiveness; men and women showed largely equal priorities, opposing common hypotheses", "causal_inference": "no — observational swiping decisions show weights within this platform context, not causes of relationship outcomes or universal preference laws", "limitations": "single platform; swiping is an early-stage filter, not mate choice completion; profile attributes partially verifiable only", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record checked 2026-08-24 (title/journal/authors/year consistent); peer-reviewed Computers in Human Behavior Reports", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-24" }, { "id": "BIAS-016", "title": "Dating and Digital Labour: How Young Women Navigate Dating Apps in Their Thirties", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Sideris / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/14407833261466318", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14407833261466318" ], "doi": "10.1177/14407833261466318", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative in-depth interview study", "sample": "Australian heterosexual women aged 34–35 (mid-thirties), in-depth interviews", "outcomes": "time work / investment awareness; dating app use as gendered digital labour; ambivalent feelings and connections", "key_result": "online dating operates for these women as a gendered imperative marked by conscious awareness of time investment; the \"time work\" of swiping/messaging reconfigures and intensifies the labour of dating, becoming another form of domestic labour producing ambivalence — evidence that effort/attention costs are structural, not signs of personal failure", "causal_inference": "no; small qualitative sample describes meaning-making of one demographic, not prevalence or causal effects", "limitations": "single-country (Australia), single-gender, narrow age band (34–35); interviewer interpretation shapes themes; findings do not describe all women or all apps", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record checked 2026-08-26 (title/author/DOI consistent, abstract read); no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "BIAS-017", "title": "Does transparency matter when an AI system meets performance expectations? An experiment with an online dating site", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Sun, Liao, Sundar & Walther / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2025.108875", "https://pure.psu.edu/en/publications/does-transparency-matter-when-an-ai-system-meets-performance-expe/" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.chb.2025.108875", "pmid": null, "study_type": "3×3 between-subjects online experiment manipulating algorithmic transparency and expectation confirmation", "sample": "N=227 participants interacting with an online dating site driven by date-matching algorithms; high, low or absent transparency crossed with positive, simple or negative expectation confirmation", "outcomes": "algorithmic transparency; expectation confirmation; perceived understanding; trust", "key_result": "detailed explanations enhanced perceived understanding and trust when performance exceeded or fell short of expectations, while concise explanations were more effective when performance met expectations; transparency effects were conditional rather than uniformly positive", "causal_inference": "yes for assigned explanation and expectation conditions and the defined understanding/trust outcomes; no for recommendation accuracy, actual matching, relationship formation or long-term satisfaction", "limitations": "online experiment with a study-specific dating-site interface and performance expectations; no real-app behavior, long-term outcomes or Japanese context; findings do not support a universal transparency rule", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "Penn State record and DOI page checked 2026-09-07 (peer-reviewed article; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces)", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-07" }, { "id": "MET-017", "title": "Marital satisfaction and break-ups differ across on-line and off-line meeting venues", "year": 2013, "authors_year": "Cacioppo, Cacioppo, Gonzaga, Ogburn & VanderWeele / 2013", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222447110" ], "doi": "10.1073/pnas.1222447110", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional survey of 19,131 married Americans who met on-line or off-line, with break-up analysis of a separate respondent sample; propensity-score style covariate adjustment for meeting-venue selection", "sample": "19,131 U.S. respondents married once (meeting venue on-line vs through friends vs work etc.); separate sample for break-up/disruption analysis", "outcomes": "marital satisfaction; break-up rates by meeting venue and years since first marriage", "key_result": "on-line meeting was associated with slightly LOWER marital satisfaction and higher break-up rates in adjusted models; effect sizes small and authors note unmeasured selection may remain", "causal_inference": "cross-sectional self-report; venue choice not randomized; cohort differences confound era and venue; small effects", "limitations": "US-only; 2005-2012 marriages; no app-specific breakdown beyond internet meeting broadly", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Crossref record checked 2026-08-25 (title/authors/journal/volume/pages consistent: PNAS 110(25):10135-10140); peer-reviewed PNAS article; cited as contrasting evidence alongside newer mixed results", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-25" }, { "id": "MET-018", "title": "More Feedback, Less Dissatisfaction? Exploring the Impact of Dating App Feedback on Body Dissatisfaction", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Fengfang, Li & Chen / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.5559/di.34.4.02", "https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/496408" ], "doi": "10.5559/di.34.4.02", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional survey with mediation analysis (538 app users)", "sample": "538 dating app users in China; gender split reported; controls for age, education, city tier, relationship status, sexual orientation", "outcomes": "dating app feedback (received positive feedback); self-conscious appearance comparison (SCAC); body dissatisfaction", "key_result": "more positive app feedback associated with LESS appearance comparison and lower body dissatisfaction; SCAC mediated ~39% of the total effect; gender did not moderate the paths — counterintuitive direction suggesting feedback scarcity (not abundance) drives comparison-driven dissatisfaction", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional self-report — bidirectionality acknowledged by authors (users receiving little feedback may compare more, or comparing more may precede low feedback); no causal claims possible", "limitations": "single-country sample; correlational design; feedback measured as perceived positivity; body dissatisfaction via 16-part Body Satisfaction Scale", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "HRČak full-text PDF checked 2026-08-26 (abstract, methods N=538, mediation results consistent); no correction/retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-08-26" }, { "id": "MET-020", "title": "Beyond homophily: AI-driven analysis of facial and personality similarity preferences in online dating", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Kwon, Jang & Park / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2026.108906", "https://pure.kaist.ac.kr/en/publications/beyond-homophily-ai-driven-analysis-of-facial-and-personality-sim/" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.chb.2026.108906", "pmid": null, "study_type": "mixed-effects observational analysis of 506,014 interactions using computer vision and large language models to quantify facial and personality similarity", "sample": "41,441 users on a major heterosexual dating platform in South Korea; 506,014 interactions", "outcomes": "facial similarity; personality similarity; gender; socioeconomic status; selection preferences", "key_result": "women showed facial homophily while men showed facial heterophily; personality similarity preferences were context-dependent and moderated by a potential partner’s socioeconomic status in upward evaluation contexts", "causal_inference": "no; platform observational data and AI-derived similarity measures show associations with selection preferences, not causal effects of similarity or matching outcomes", "limitations": "single South Korean heterosexual platform; computer-vision and LLM measures are proxies; interaction selection and platform exposure remain entangled; no match-to-relationship or Japanese population inference", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "KAIST record, ScienceDirect/DOI page checked 2026-09-07 (peer-reviewed article; no correction or retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces)", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-07" }, { "id": "MET-021", "title": "Time Well Spent? Rhythms of Dating on Apps before, during and after COVID-19 Social Restrictions", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Yodovich, Heaphy & Garcia-Iglesias / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/00380385251412565", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00380385251412565" ], "doi": "10.1177/00380385251412565", "pmid": null, "study_type": "open-access qualitative study with thematic analysis of retrospective semi-structured interviews", "sample": "53 UK dating-app users interviewed May–November 2023; 22 women, 28 men (two trans), two non-binary and one trans participant with undisclosed gender; 24 heterosexual and 29 LGBQ+; ages 20–74, average 40", "outcomes": "pre/during/post-COVID dating rhythms; time pressure, app-user coordination, rapid dating and “slow intimacy”; perceptions, motivations and use", "key_result": "participants described pre-COVID rapid, efficiency-oriented interactions; restrictions enabled longer, deeper conversations and “slow intimacy”; after restrictions lifted, rapid habits largely returned; rhythms emerged from user-user/app interactions, social norms and constraints, not individual preference alone", "causal_inference": "no; retrospective qualitative accounts describe meanings and rhythms and do not identify an app or pandemic causal effect, prevalence, success rate or long-term outcome", "limitations": "UK-only non-probability sample, retrospective interviews after restrictions, mostly white (43/53), self-report and thematic interpretation; time/rhythm was not a direct interview question; analysis is limited to face-to-face interactions emerging from apps; not Japan, a usage rate or a clinical burnout estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-metrics/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE full-text page, article version information and DOI/exact-title correction-retraction search checked 2026-09-18; first published online 2026-02-15, Sociology 60(4):1065–1082; most recent version shown and no correction/retraction notice surfaced on checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-18" }, { "id": "ATTR-001", "title": "Social and Self-Perceptions of Middle-Aged Women in the Menopausal Transition: Ageism, Sexism, and Attractiveness—A Scoping Review", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Garcia-Yeste, Tellado & Duque-Sánchez / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.3390/sexes7030040", "https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5118/7/3/40" ], "doi": "10.3390/sexes7030040", "pmid": null, "study_type": "scoping review with PRISMA-ScR-guided search and narrative thematic synthesis", "sample": "literature published 2015–2025; 1,152 records searched in Web of Science and Scopus, 57 studies included after screening", "outcomes": "ageism, sexism, attractiveness, body image, self-esteem, social perception and self-perception during perimenopause/menopause", "key_result": "27 of 57 studies addressed prejudice or social stereotypes, 32 contributed to attractiveness/body-image social or self-perception, and 29 addressed ways of overcoming prejudice; themes show a heterogeneous literature rather than a single age effect", "causal_inference": "no; the review maps and narratively synthesizes heterogeneous studies and does not estimate a pooled effect or causal pathway", "limitations": "only Web of Science and Scopus; journal articles only; no grey literature or citation chasing; language and author-verification limits; no formal risk-of-bias, reporting-bias or certainty assessment; no quantitative synthesis", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/women-age-attractiveness-ageism/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "T", "correction_retraction_check": "MDPI article, DOI, Version Notes and exact-title correction/retraction search checked 2026-09-08; Version of Record and publication date are 2026-08-14; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "ATTR-002", "title": "Body image and self-attractiveness in a relationship during the menopausal transition: associations with digital media and perceived media influence", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Bień, Grzesik-Gąsior, Górska, Pięta, Jurek & Bączek / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1829865", "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1829865/full" ], "doi": "10.3389/fpubh.2026.1829865", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional original research with linear regression", "sample": "603 women in the menopausal transition recruited in primary healthcare clinics in Lublin Province, Poland, January 2024–April 2025; SAAR analyses restricted to partnered women n=474", "outcomes": "Body Esteem Scale domains; Scale of Assessment of Self-Attractiveness in a Relationship; internet/social-media use; perceived media influence; BMI and sociodemographic covariates", "key_result": "perceived media influence was more consistently associated with body-image dimensions than internet/social-media use; media-related predictors showed selective associations with relational self-attractiveness, while BMI, socioeconomic conditions, aesthetic-medicine use and age also appeared in final BES models", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional associations do not establish whether media, body image, age or other factors came first", "limitations": "menopausal classification was interview-based without hormonal confirmation; media use was a broad yes/no item; influence was self-reported; one Polish region and symptom-selected sample limit generalizability; SAAR models explained only a small proportion of variance", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/women-age-attractiveness-ageism/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Frontiers full article, PDF, DOI page and exact-title correction/retraction search checked 2026-09-08; article type is Original Research, published 2026-06-17 in Volume 14; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "ATTR-003", "title": "“Feeling frumpy”: the relationships between body image and sexual response changes in midlife women", "year": 2005, "authors_year": "Koch, Mansfield, Thurau & Carey / 2005", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490509552276", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19817035/" ], "doi": "10.1080/00224490509552276", "pmid": "19817035", "study_type": "cross-sectional self-report study with retrospective change questions", "sample": "307 heterosexual midlife women in the United States", "outcomes": "self-rated attractiveness; self-reported sexual desire, activity frequency, orgasm and enjoyment changes over the prior decade; current sexual satisfaction; menopausal status", "key_result": "women more often rated themselves as more attractive at ten years younger regardless of age; self-perceived attractiveness did not differ significantly by menopausal status; perceived change in attractiveness tracked reported sexual-response changes, while current sexual satisfaction was not significantly related", "causal_inference": "no; retrospective self-report associations cannot establish that attractiveness perceptions caused sexual-response changes", "limitations": "heterosexual US sample; self-report and recall over a decade; measures are not external attractiveness ratings, app behavior, population prevalence or long-term causal outcomes", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/women-age-attractiveness-ageism/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed and DOI record checked 2026-09-04; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-04" }, { "id": "ATTR-004", "title": "Visible and invisible ageing: beauty work as a response to ageism", "year": 2008, "authors_year": "Hurd Clarke & Griffin / 2008", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X07007003", "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/ageing-and-society/article/abs/visible-and-invisible-ageing-beauty-work-as-a-response-to-ageism/8C4C623D8A8D2821B3969CA0C44FE975" ], "doi": "10.1017/S0144686X07007003", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative in-depth interview study", "sample": "44 women aged 50–70", "outcomes": "experiences and definitions of ageism in relation to changing appearance, personal relationships and employment; meanings of hair dye, make-up, cosmetic surgery and non-surgical cosmetic procedures", "key_result": "participants connected ageism to social obsession with youthfulness and discrimination against older adults; beauty work was described through invisibility, lifelong appearance investment, attracting or retaining a partner and employment-related ageism", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative themes describe participants’ accounts and do not estimate prevalence, causal effects or the desirability of any appearance practice", "limitations": "small qualitative sample; interview themes are context-bound and not a population estimate; no measured attractiveness score, dating outcome or intervention comparison", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/women-age-attractiveness-ageism/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "Cambridge article/DOI surfaces checked 2026-09-04; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-04" }, { "id": "ATTR-005", "title": "Cross-cultural perception of female facial appearance: A multi-ethnic and multi-centre study", "year": 2021, "authors_year": "Voegeli, Schoop, Prestat-Marquis, Rawlings, Shackelford & Fink / 2021", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245998", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33481957/", "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0245998" ], "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0245998", "pmid": "33481957", "study_type": "descriptive multicentre face-rating study with linear mixed models", "sample": "180 facial images of women aged 20–69 from China, France, India, Japan and South Africa; 600 raters, 120 per location", "outcomes": "age, attractiveness and health ratings on 0–100 scales; face ethnicity, assessor ethnicity and assessor gender", "key_result": "age assessments correlated negatively with attractiveness and health, while attractiveness and health judgments also varied with the ethnicity of the face, ethnicity of the assessor and assessor gender; the study reports both shared age-related patterns and cross-cultural plasticity", "causal_inference": "no; facial ratings are descriptive perceptual outcomes and do not identify causes of attraction or predict dating, relationships or personal value", "limitations": "still images and brief ratings rather than real interactions; commercial funding and author affiliations should be considered; five-location sample is not a Japanese population estimate or dating-app study", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/women-age-attractiveness-ageism/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PLOS ONE, PubMed and DOI surfaces checked 2026-09-04; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-04" }, { "id": "ATTR-006", "title": "Aging beauty matters: Normative and resistant narratives on female aging bodies", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Camoletto & Lela / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2026.2708881", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42603867/", "https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/wjwa20" ], "doi": "10.1080/08952841.2026.2708881", "pmid": "42603867", "study_type": "multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork and qualitative analysis", "sample": "25 women aged 63–73 and 28 professionals working in aesthetic and anti-aging centers in Milan and Turin, Italy", "outcomes": "beauty work; anti-aging norms; gendered ageism; visibility; dignity; relational belonging; embodied agency", "key_result": "the study describes older women internalizing, negotiating, reinterpreting and sometimes resisting beauty and anti-aging norms; beauty work appears neither purely oppressive nor purely emancipatory, but situated within neoliberal, age-stratified, classed and gendered relations; wrinkles, gray hair, bodily change, salon sociability and aesthetic care can be reframed as resources for dignity and belonging", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative ethnography describes situated narratives and cannot estimate prevalence, causal effects, attractiveness ratings, dating outcomes or intervention effects", "limitations": "Italy-specific multi-sited sample, 25 women and 28 professionals, self-selection and ahead-of-print bibliographic status; not a Japanese population estimate, universal account of older women or personal value score", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/women-age-attractiveness-ageism/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed and Taylor & Francis journal page checked 2026-09-08; PubMed labels ahead-of-print and the journal page lists the article as open access; bounded exact-title/DOI correction search found no correction/retraction notice on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-ATTR-001", "title": "Genital Self-Image and its Effects on Sexual Quality of Life, Marital Adjustment, and Life Satisfaction among Postmenopausal Turkish Women", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Yavuz & Uslu Sahan / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-025-01262-w", "https://research.hacettepe.edu.tr/en/publications/genital-self-image-and-its-effects-on-sexual-quality-of-life-mari/" ], "doi": "10.1007/s13178-025-01262-w", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional outpatient study with correlation and regression", "sample": "268 postmenopausal women at Turkish state-hospital outpatient clinics", "outcomes": "Female Genital Self-Image Scale, sexual quality of life, marital adjustment and life satisfaction", "key_result": "genital self-image was positively associated with sexual quality of life, marital adjustment and life satisfaction; regression models explained 31%, 23% and 24% of variance respectively", "causal_inference": "no; associations and regression fit do not show that genital self-image caused the other outcomes", "limitations": "Turkish clinical sample, self-report, cross-sectional design and married/postmenopausal context; not an attractiveness score or a treatment test", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/women-age-attractiveness-ageism/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, publisher/institutional record checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-SEX-001", "title": "Female Sexual Dysfunction in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Rodríguez-García, Fagundo-Rivera, Gómez-Salgado & Partida-Márquez / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-026-01289-7", "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13178-026-01289-7" ], "doi": "10.1007/s13178-026-01289-7", "pmid": null, "study_type": "systematic review and meta-analysis", "sample": "23 studies, 11,892 postmenopausal women", "outcomes": "female sexual dysfunction prevalence and associated demographic, urogenital, psychological and cultural factors", "key_result": "pooled dysfunction prevalence was 61.24% with a 95% CI of 46.15–75.29; estimates were heterogeneous and multiple contextual factors were associated", "causal_inference": "no; pooled prevalence and observational associations do not establish a universal age effect or a personal probability", "limitations": "high heterogeneity, study and setting differences, postmenopausal focus and outcome-definition variation; not a Japanese population estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI and Springer article checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-SEX-002", "title": "Women’s experiences of their sexuality during their menopausal transition and the support offered to them by healthcare providers: A systematic review and meta-synthesis", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Calvin, Cina, Byrskog, Erlandsson & Borneskog / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.18332/ejm/209571", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12445056/" ], "doi": "10.18332/ejm/209571", "pmid": null, "study_type": "systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis", "sample": "18 qualitative studies of women’s experiences during menopausal transition", "outcomes": "meanings of fertility, femininity and desirability; autonomy, sexual freedom, partner relations and support from providers", "key_result": "the synthesis grouped experiences around changing meanings, agency, partner context and uneven healthcare support rather than a single biological decline narrative", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative synthesis maps experiences and support needs but does not estimate prevalence or treatment effects", "limitations": "qualitative-study heterogeneity, cultural context differences and possible publication/language limits; not a population rate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, PubMed/PMC record and journal surface checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-SEX-003", "title": "Heterosexual women’s pleasure trajectories: How aging helps undo gendered sexual scripts", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Bastian, Miller & Carpenter / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/socf.13050", "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/socf.13050" ], "doi": "10.1111/socf.13050", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative life-story interview study", "sample": "60 single heterosexual women aged 18–91", "outcomes": "life-course accounts of sexual subjectivity, entitlement to pleasure and partnered-sex motivations", "key_result": "some participants described aging as enabling more self-focused motivations and pleasure, challenging a single decline script", "causal_inference": "no; interview trajectories are interpretive accounts, not a causal age effect or population average", "limitations": "single heterosexual women, qualitative recall and U.S. context; does not measure partner outcomes or physical function", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/women-age-attractiveness-ageism/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, Wiley record and author/institutional surface checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-SMV-001", "title": "Tradeoffs between self and mates reveal larger sex differences in trait preferences", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Reynolds, Baumeister & von Hippel / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106774", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090513825001230" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106774", "pmid": null, "study_type": "three preregistered online tradeoff studies", "sample": "N=196, 179 and 831 MTurk participants across three studies", "outcomes": "forced tradeoffs between own and partner attractiveness, intelligence, ambition, wealth, humor and kindness", "key_result": "separating self-oriented and partner-oriented motives produced larger sex differences than isolated preference questions; effects were trait-specific", "causal_inference": "yes for assigned tradeoff vignettes and stated preferences; no for real partner choice, relationship success or a personal value score", "limitations": "online convenience samples, self-report tradeoffs and evolutionary interpretation boundaries; no Japanese or longitudinal behavioral outcome", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, ScienceDirect abstract and bibliographic record checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-SMV-002", "title": "The Link Between Mate Value Discrepancy and Relationship Satisfaction—An Empirical Examination Using Response Surface Analysis", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Mehmetoglu, Määttänen & Mittner / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15081131", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12428195/" ], "doi": "10.3390/bs15081131", "pmid": null, "study_type": "cross-sectional web survey with confirmatory factor analysis and response-surface analysis", "sample": "904 individuals in romantic relationships in Norway; 2016 stratified web survey", "outcomes": "multidimensional mate-value dimensions, partner discrepancy and relationship satisfaction", "key_result": "satisfaction was highest when both partners scored high on family orientation, resourcefulness, appearance, sociability and physical condition; equally low scores were linked to lower satisfaction", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional associations do not establish that a measured trait caused satisfaction or that either partner has a market price", "limitations": "2016 data, Norwegian web sample, self-report and current-relationship selection; dimensions are model-specific", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-market-value-smv/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, article/PubMed/PMC surfaces checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-JP-002", "title": "Mate preferences and marriage-related behaviors: The case of Japan", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Hara & Yu / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13088", "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jomf.13088" ], "doi": "10.1111/jomf.13088", "pmid": null, "study_type": "11-year panel analysis using random-effects, fixed-effects and discrete-time hazard models", "sample": "8,946 person-year observations from 3,195 never-married Japanese respondents in the JLPS; marriage-transition subset 6,598 observations", "outcomes": "six mate-preference indicators, partner-seeking activities and next-year first-marriage transition", "key_result": "more stated criteria were associated with more active search, especially among marriage-oriented singles, but many criteria slowed transition to marriage; women were less likely to compromise on income criteria", "causal_inference": "no; panel and fixed-effects models improve temporal comparison but do not randomize preferences or establish a universal cause of marriage decline", "limitations": "JLPS age cohorts and never-married restriction, self-report, attrition and Japan-specific gender-role context; not dating-app logs or a personal ranking", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, Wiley full text and bibliographic record checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-AI-001", "title": "Perceptions of AI-generated profile pictures: Effects on quality, attractiveness, and trustworthiness", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Long, Xiao, McCray, Ağaoğlu, Alajmi, Akalonu & Xu / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2026-4-3", "https://cyberpsychology.eu/article/view/39165" ], "doi": "10.5817/CP2026-4-3", "pmid": null, "study_type": "preregistered 2×2 online experiment", "sample": "U.S. adults, N=817, ages 18–99; AI origin crossed with AI disclosure", "outcomes": "perceived image quality, social attractiveness and trustworthiness", "key_result": "AI-generated images were rated higher in quality, disclosure lowered image quality ratings, while average person-level attractiveness and trustworthiness did not change significantly; AI knowledge moderated disclosure responses", "causal_inference": "yes for assigned image origin/disclosure and the measured impressions; no for real dating behavior, matches or relationship outcomes", "limitations": "social-media headshot stimuli, U.S. sample and one-session judgments; not a platform prevalence or deception rate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, journal full text and author affiliations checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-AI-002", "title": "“An Image of Ourselves in Our Minds”: How College-educated Online Dating Users Construct Profiles for Effective Self Presentation", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Zhang, Chen, Zeng, Wang, Ling & Li / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1145/3710929", "https://scholars.cityu.edu.hk/en/publications/an-image-of-ourselves-in-our-minds-how-college-educated-online-da/" ], "doi": "10.1145/3710929", "pmid": null, "study_type": "qualitative semi-structured interview study", "sample": "20 experienced Chinese college-educated young adult dating-app users", "outcomes": "photo selection, idealized self-presentation, privacy disclosure and perceived effectiveness", "key_result": "participants used idealized photos, sometimes signaling desired traits rather than possessed traits, while hiding identifying information to manage privacy", "causal_inference": "no; interview accounts describe construction practices and perceived effectiveness, not actual profile accuracy, match rate or relationship success", "limitations": "small self-selected qualitative sample, China-specific context and experienced users; no causal or prevalence inference", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, ACM/CityUHK record and arXiv abstract surface checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-APP-001", "title": "Dating algorithms? Investigating reciprocal relationships between partner choice FOMO, decision fatigue, excessive swiping, and trust in algorithms on dating apps", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Binder, Stevic, Matthes & Thomas / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241270542", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14614448241270542" ], "doi": "10.1177/14614448241270542", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two-wave panel study", "sample": "young dating-app users; Time 2 sample N=521", "outcomes": "partner-choice FOMO, decision fatigue, excessive swiping and trust in algorithms", "key_result": "the panel models treat FOMO, fatigue, swiping and algorithm trust as a reciprocal choice-process system rather than a simple use-time effect, with temporal paths linking FOMO to later fatigue and swiping", "causal_inference": "no; two-wave observational panel is stronger than a single cross-section but does not randomize app exposure or establish a clinical syndrome", "limitations": "young-user sample, self-report and attrition/context limits; not a diagnostic measure or Japanese population estimate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, SAGE bibliographic/abstract surface checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-JP-001", "title": "Nonparametric Estimation of Matching Efficiency and Elasticity in a Marriage Agency Platform: 2014–2025", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Otani / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2025.112617", "https://www.mdc.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/UTMD-087.pdf" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.econlet.2025.112617", "pmid": null, "study_type": "nonparametric matching-function analysis of platform logs", "sample": "monthly IBJ marriage-agency data from 2014–2025; verified profiles and confirmed engagements; platform covers about 3.3% of national marriages annually", "outcomes": "matching efficiency and male/female participation elasticities", "key_result": "estimated matching efficiency rose about fourfold over the period, with changing elasticities between the two sides of the market", "causal_inference": "no; platform-level trend and elasticity estimates do not identify a user-level marriage probability or a causal app effect", "limitations": "highly selected serious marriage-search population, structured agency rather than general dating app, working-paper/data-access boundaries", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "D", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, Economics Letters bibliographic record and University of Tokyo working-paper surface checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN3-JP-003", "title": "現実的な配偶者の決定要因〜結婚候補者の存在確率に関する定量的評価〜", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "鈴木亘・八代尚宏 / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.60294/keizaibunseki.211_03", "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/keizaibunseki/211/0/211_211_03/_pdf/-char/ja" ], "doi": "10.60294/keizaibunseki.211_03", "pmid": null, "study_type": "large survey converted into a simulated marriage-market matching analysis", "sample": "10,000 single men and women aged 25–49 from a 2024 Cabinet Office survey; six criteria: age, income, employment, education, height and body size", "outcomes": "candidate availability, popularity and mutual-match rates", "key_result": "overall mutual-match rate was 3.8% and mismatch rate 42.0% in the constructed market; results describe stated criteria and a simulated choice set, not a universal individual value", "causal_inference": "no; survey criteria and constructed matching indicators are not observed dating behavior, causal effects or a personal score", "limitations": "online monitor sample, single heterosexual matching frame and model assumptions; the paper is an analytical market construction, not app-log evidence", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/japan-dating-app-usage/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "E", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI, J-STAGE PDF and Cabinet Office/ESRI record checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN4-A-001", "title": "The Cyrano effect: LLM-assisted impression management and authenticity in online dating", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Ante / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2026.102422", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0736585326000584" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.tele.2026.102422", "pmid": null, "study_type": "open-access qualitative semi-structured interview study with thematic analysis", "sample": "two groups of online-dating users, total N=45: people who use LLMs in romantic communication and people who received AI-assisted messages", "outcomes": "authenticity, authorship, trust, perceived betrayal and transition from AI-assisted online persona to unassisted offline interaction", "key_result": "participants described an authenticity paradox, recipient-side digital betrayal after discovering AI assistance, and anxiety about a persona-to-person leap; the study proposes the Cyrano Effect as a process concept", "causal_inference": "no; qualitative accounts identify meanings and mechanisms to investigate, not AI-use prevalence, disclosure effects, match rates or relationship outcomes", "limitations": "small self-selected interview sample, early 2026 phenomenon and no randomized comparison; findings are not a platform-wide rate or a universal rule about honest/inauthentic users", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-data-bias/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "DOI and ScienceDirect article checked 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN5-B-001", "title": "Addressing Sexuality With Older People in Primary Care and Hospitals: A Systematic Review of Professional Perceptions and Experiences", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Frias, Mota-Pinto, Vieira & Santos / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1155/jare/9289942", "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13325741/", "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/jare/9289942" ], "doi": "10.1155/jare/9289942", "pmid": null, "study_type": "PRISMA/JBI systematic review of qualitative and analytical cross-sectional primary studies, registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251008998)", "sample": "343 records identified; 17 studies from six countries included (13 qualitative, 4 analytical cross-sectional), mainly physicians and nurses in primary or hospital care; searches covered 2015–2025 open-access English, Spanish and Portuguese studies", "outcomes": "professional perceptions, frequency and conditions of sexuality/sexual-health conversations with older adults; barriers, facilitators, education and assessment-protocol recommendations", "key_result": "physicians and nurses rarely initiated conversations, often because of assumptions that older adults were uninterested plus time, training, privacy, role and priority barriers; the review recommends initial/continuing education and protocols for assessment", "causal_inference": "no; this is a heterogeneous evidence synthesis of professional perceptions and practices, not an intervention-effect estimate, consultation-rate estimate for Japan, or proof that a protocol improves outcomes", "limitations": "open-access-only selection may bias coverage; language and publication-period restrictions; 13 qualitative and 4 analytical cross-sectional studies; professional perspective dominates and included countries were Brazil, Colombia, Israel, Trinidad and Tobago, Canada and England", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "M", "correction_retraction_check": "PMC, Wiley full text, DOI and exact-title correction/retraction checks on 2026-09-08; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN5-B-002", "title": "A Cross-National Comparison of Ghosting Knowledge, Attitudes, Intentions, and Behaviors in Friendships and Romantic Relationships Spanning Twelve Countries", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Freedman & Powell / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075261463579", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/02654075261463579" ], "doi": "10.1177/02654075261463579", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two cross-national comparative studies of ghosting knowledge, attitudes, intentions and prior behavior", "sample": "Study 1 N=885 across Canada, Kenya, Mexico, Nigeria, South Africa and the United States; Study 2 N=1,741 across Brazil, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Kenya, the Philippines and Ukraine; 12 countries total; friendship and romantic-relationship contexts", "outcomes": "knowledge of ghosting as a rejection strategy; acceptance/attitudes; intention to use; prior use", "key_result": "ghosting was widely known across the sampled countries, while acceptance, intended use and prior behavior differed by country; the study adds cultural and relationship-context variation to app-specific ghosting experience research", "causal_inference": "no; cross-national observational comparisons do not establish causal cultural effects, app-specific prevalence, mental-health effects or individual outcomes", "limitations": "restricted publisher access; samples and country composition differ by study; no Japan sample; friendship and romantic contexts are broader than dating-app use; self-report measures and country comparisons do not produce a universal rate", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/dating-app-burnout/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "D", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE article page, DOI landing page and exact-title correction/retraction search checked 2026-09-08; first published online 2026-06-24; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-08" }, { "id": "GEN5-B-003", "title": "Physical and intimate sexual activity in older adults: Sociodemographic, relational, and attitudinal predictors in a Spanish population", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "González-Moreno, Valverde Garcia-Otermin, Martí-Hoyos, Satorres, Delhom & Meléndez / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regg.2026.101784", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41936188/", "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0211139X26000430" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.regg.2026.101784", "pmid": "41936188", "study_type": "cross-sectional study of 133 adults over 60 with two multiple linear regression models for physical and intimate sexual activity", "sample": "133 Spanish adults over 60; exact subgroup counts and pooled denominators beyond the abstract were not used", "outcomes": "frequency of physical and intimate sexual activity; age, gender, marital status, education, partner sexual satisfaction, importance attributed to sex and attitudes toward sexuality", "key_result": "physical sexual activity was associated with younger age, higher partner-related sexual satisfaction and greater importance attributed to sex; intimate sexual activity was mainly related to partner satisfaction and importance of sex, with no significant effect of age or attitudes", "causal_inference": "no; cross-sectional regression associations do not establish causal direction or an age effect", "limitations": "Spanish sample, N=133, article in Spanish with English abstract; no Japanese estimate, population prevalence or individual health/sexual-function prediction", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/sexual-health-aging/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "C", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed and ScienceDirect official surfaces plus exact-title/DOI correction-retraction search checked 2026-09-18 (PMID 41936188; DOI live); no correction or retraction notice surfaced", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-18" }, { "id": "REL-001", "title": "Forecasting Relationship Dissolution: Machine Learning Identifies Key Predictors Across Two Longitudinal Samples", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Uhlich, Impett, Spielmann, Bojar et al. / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/08902070261455278", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/08902070261455278" ], "doi": "10.1177/08902070261455278", "pmid": null, "study_type": "two longitudinal samples with random forest and elastic-net prediction models", "sample": "Study 1: 1,281 people in dating relationships in the United States and Canada; Study 2: 6,947 young-to-middle-aged adults in a nationally representative German sample tracked for 10 years", "outcomes": "relationship dissolution; commitment; relational uncertainty; concerns about ending; socioeconomic background; household labor; conflict communication", "key_result": "both Study 1 models reached 64% balanced accuracy; commitment-focused variables outperformed trait-focused variables at 64% versus 55%; Study 2 random forest reached 71% and identified contextual predictors with nonlinear interactions", "causal_inference": "no; predictive patterns do not establish causes or an individual certainty of breakup", "limitations": "two specific samples and model conditions; performance is not portable to Japan or a specific couple; prediction accuracy is not a personal forecast", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/relationship-stability-dissolution/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE article and DOI surfaces checked 2026-09-09; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-09" }, { "id": "REL-002", "title": "Terminal decline of satisfaction in romantic relationships: Evidence from four longitudinal studies", "year": 2025, "authors_year": "Bühler & Orth / 2025", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000551", "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40111896/" ], "doi": "10.1037/pspp0000551", "pmid": "40111896", "study_type": "preregistered piecewise multilevel analysis of four longitudinal national samples with propensity-score-matched event and control groups", "sample": "Event groups ranged from 987 to 3,373 and control groups from 1,351 to 4,717 across four national longitudinal studies", "outcomes": "relationship satisfaction; time-to-separation; time-since-beginning; life satisfaction; initiator and recipient status", "key_result": "satisfaction declined as time-to-separation shortened; a smaller preterminal decline was followed by a sharper terminal decline, beginning 0.58 to 2.30 years before separation; life-satisfaction decline was less visible", "causal_inference": "no; longitudinal observational comparisons provide time structure but not an intervention effect or individual countdown", "limitations": "country, measurement, marital-status and timing differences across the four studies; no Japanese estimate or personal point-of-no-return", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/relationship-stability-dissolution/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "PubMed, DOI and institutional publication record checked 2026-09-09; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-09" }, { "id": "REL-003", "title": "Effects of spousal, friend, and family relationships on marital instability across the first 16 years of marriage", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Shrout, Leonard, Adisa, Orbuch, Wallace, Franks & Aron / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075261436579", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/02654075261436579" ], "doi": "10.1177/02654075261436579", "pmid": null, "study_type": "longitudinal within-person and dyadic multilevel analysis", "sample": "373 newlywed mixed-gender couples, including 199 Black American and 174 White American couples, married in Wayne County, Michigan in 1986 and assessed at Years 1, 3, 7 and 16", "outcomes": "spousal responsiveness; marital distress; friend support; family support and tension; marital instability", "key_result": "distress and instability increased while responsiveness and support decreased; lower responsiveness or higher distress combined with low family support or high family tension to mark higher instability, while friend support did not consistently predict instability", "causal_inference": "no; observational longitudinal associations and moderation do not randomize support or establish causal protection", "limitations": "1986 Michigan first marriages; mixed-gender and intra-racial sample; sexual orientation not assessed; historical, regional and attrition limits", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/relationship-stability-dissolution/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "B", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE article and DOI surfaces checked 2026-09-09; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-09" }, { "id": "REL-004", "title": "The Long-Term Stability of Affective Bonds After Romantic Separation: Do Attachments Simply Fade Away?", "year": 2026, "authors_year": "Chong & Fraley / 2026", "source_urls": [ "https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506251323624", "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/19485506251323624" ], "doi": "10.1177/19485506251323624", "pmid": null, "study_type": "study of former-partner attachment bonds after relationship termination", "sample": "N=320 adults examined for residual attachment bonds to former romantic partners", "outcomes": "attachment bonds after separation; attachment orientations; continued contact with ex-partners", "key_result": "for the average person, former-partner attachment bonds were gradually relinquished with a midpoint of 4.18 years; attachment orientations and continued contact moderated persistence, and some remnants did not fully fade", "causal_inference": "no; the average attachment trajectory is not a universal recovery timetable or a causal prescription", "limitations": "sample and access conditions limit portability; former-partner attachment is not the same as mental-health recovery, life satisfaction or a clinical outcome; individual trajectories vary", "used_url": "https://value-story-sexual-value-data.kawaii-girl.com/research/relationship-stability-dissolution/", "evidence_level": null, "derived_evidence_level": "D", "correction_retraction_check": "SAGE article and DOI surfaces checked 2026-09-09; no correction/retraction notice surfaced on the checked surfaces", "source_checked_date": "2026-09-09" } ] }